Iburasirazuba: Ahashoboraga kuba ubutayu hagaruye ubuzima kubera amashyamba 

Abaturage bo mu Ntara y’Iburasirazuba barashima imishinga begerejwe igamije kubaka ubudahangarwa ku ihindagurika ry’ibihe, yatumye bongera kugira ikirere gitanga imvura mu gihe mu myaka yo hambere bibasirwaga n’izuba ryinshi ndetse imisozi yari isigaye ari nk’ubutayu.

Aba baturage bahamya ko gutura ku misozi yambaye ubusa itagira ibiti byatezaga ingaruka zirimo ibiza bituruka ku muyaga ndetse n’amapfa. By’umwihariko barashima umusaruro w’Umushinga uwo Kubungabunga Urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima mu Ntara y’Iburasirazuba bigizwemo uruhare n’abaturage (COMBIO) wabaye gisubizo ku ngorane z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe bahurahga na zo.

Uyu mushinga w’imyaka itanu watangiye mu 2022 ukaba uzarangira mu 2027, aho uhuriweho na Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije, Ikigo gishinzwe Amashyamba mu Rwanda (RFA) ndetse n’Umuryango Mpuzamahanga wita ku Kubungabunga Ibidukikije n’Umutungo Kamere (IUCN).

Murekatete Marie Honore utuye mu Murenge wa Rukomoko, Akarere ka Nyagatare, agira ati: “Inaha twagiye tugira ibihe bidasanzwe byiganjemo izuba ryinshi ryatumaga imyaka itera abantu bagasonza, amatungo akabura ubwatsi akagandara. Ni Umutara twabagamo uhagarara ku musozi ukareba ku wundi nta giti na kimwe kikuri imbere. Habaga umuyaga mwinshi wazaga ukikaraga ukabona ugurukanye inzu nta n’imvura yaguye.”

Akomeza avuga ko amashyamba bateye kuri ubu yatangiye gutanga umusaruro ufatika mu guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe, mu gihe kumva ko gutera ibiti ari ingenzi byabanje kubagora. 

Yagize ati: “Gusa ubu impinduka nziza zimaze kutugeraho zituma tuba abahamya b’ibibikorwa byo kurengera ibidukikije. Ubu imvura iragwa kandi ihagije, nta tungo rikigandara mu mutara kuko ubwatsi burahari kandi n’amazi ntagikama mu mariba.”

Uyu mushinga kandi wabaye igisubizo mu buryo bw’ubukungu n’imibereho ku bawubonyemo akazi.

Mungwarareba Etienne wo mu Murenge wa Kiramuruzi, Aarere ka Gatsibo, agira ati: “Uretse kuba ibikorwa by’uyu mushinga byarazahuye ikirere cyacu kikongera gutoha, twanawubonyemo akazi aho byatumye hari intambwe dutera mu mibereho yacu. Natangiranye na wo ariko byatumye nikenura, aho nabashije kwishyurira abana amashuri, mvugurura inzu yanjye nyishyiramo sima ndetse nyikingisha inzugi z’obyuma (metallique). Ni umushinga kandi watumye ngura amatungo aho ubu mu rugo mfite inka n’amatungo magufi.”

Ubwo hasuzumwaga ibyo uyu mushinga umaze kugeraho mu nama yahuje abayobozi mu nzego nkuru z’Igihugu bafite aho bahuriye n’inshingano zo kwita ku bidukikije muri iki cyumweru, hagaragajwe ko  impinduka zigaragarira amaso zabaye muri iyi Ntara muri iyi myaka ine umushinga umaze ushyirwa mu bikorwa.

Hatewe ibiti bisaga miliyoni eshatu, hishimirwa ko ibi bikorwa byose bigira uruhare mu kuzanira imvura abaturage ndetse abenshi bakaba baranabonyemo akazi. 

Umunyamabanga Uhoraho muri Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije, Bingwa Fidèle yasabye abakora mu mishinga nk’iyi itegerejweho impinduka ku banyagihugu kujya baharanira kugera ku ntego kugira ngo ubunyangamugayo bw’Igihugu bukomeze kugaragara mu bafatanyabikorwa bacyo.

Umuyobozi w’Ikigo  gishinzwe Amashyamba mu Rwanda, Dr Concorde Nsengumuremyi avuga ko ibikorwa by’uyu mushinga bihura n’icyerekezo cy’Igihugu cyo kongera amashyamba ndetse no guhangana n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe.

Ati: “Muzi ko muri iyi Ntara y’Iburasirazuba hagaragaraga ibihe bidasanzwe birimo izuba ryinshi ndetse, ibura ry’ibicanwa n’ibindi. Hamwe n’indi mishinga dukorera muri iyi Ntara bimaze gutanga umusaruro aho usanga imvura itakibura nkuko byahoze, ndetse tukaba dukomeje kugerageza gushyiraho n’uburyo bugamije kugabanya itemwa ry’amashyamba.

Yavuze ko Umushinga wa COMBIO ukomeje guhugurira abaturage kumenya ibyo bakorerwa mu mushinga n’uko bawubyaza inyungu. Ati: “Twiyemeje gushyiramo imbaraga kugira ngo mu gihe gito gisigaye tube hari aho tugeze ku ntego twari twihaye y’imyaka itanu.”

Ikigo RFA cyemeza ko umushinga COMBIO washowemo miliyari zisaga 14 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda, mu myaka ine umaze ukorwa ukaba ugeze ku kigero cya 66% y’ibyifuzwaga kuwukorwamo.

Wari ufite intego zo gukora ibikorwa bigamije kongera ubudahangarwa ku ihindagurika ry’ikirere hibandwa ku gutera ibiti bya gakondo mu byanya bitandukanye byatoranijwe mu Turere turindwi tw’Intara y’Iburasirazuba, ku nkuka z’imigezi n’ibyogogo no mu nkengero z’imihanda.

Uyu munsi ibiti byatewe ku nkengero z’imihanda ku burebure bwa kilometero 518, ku nkengero z’ibiyaga haterwa ibiti kuri hegitari 400, hakorwa ubuturo 13 bw’urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima buri kuri hegitari 141, hanasazurwa amashaymba ya Leta ari kuri hegitari 25,2. 

Leta y’u Rwanda yishimira ko abaturage bakomeje guhugurwa ku bijyanye n’ubuhinzi bujyanye n’ibihe ndetse no kwita ku mashyamba. 

Mu Rwanda hose, amashyamaba ari ku buso bungana na 30,4% bw’ubuso bwose ni ukuvuga ko ahatewe amashyamba hangana na hegitari 724 000