Isano hagati y’iyicwa ry’impunzi z’Abanye-Congo mu Gatumba i Burundi n’i Mudende mu Rwanda

Tariki ya 13 Kanama 2026, hirya no hino ku isi habereye imihango yo kwibuka ubwicanyi bwakorewe impunzi z’Abanyamulenge mu Gatumba, mu gihugu cy’u Burundi, bwabaye tariki ya 13 Kanama 2004. Ubwo bwicanyi bwahitanye impunzi 106, abarenga 100 barakomereka.

Ibi byaje gukurikira ubwicanyi bwakorewe impunzi z’Abanye-Congo mu nkambi ya Mudende hagati muri 1997 na 1998. Ibyo bitero byombi byahitanye impunzi 474, nk’uko byemejwe na LONI, ariko abarokotse ibyo bitero bavuga ko uwo mubare ari muto.

Ubu bwicanyi bwabereye mu bihugu bibiri buhuriye ku ki?

Icya mbere ni uko bwibasiye impunzi z’Abatutsi b’Abanye-Congo bari bahungiye mu bihugu bibakikije ababahigaga kubera icyo bari cyo. Bishwe mu buryo bumwe, burimo kuraswa no gutwikirwa muri shitingi, aho abarokotse benshi bafite inkovu z’ubushye kurusha iz’amasasu.

Ubu bwicanyi kandi buhuriye ku kuba ababukoze ari abantu bamwe, banakorana kandi bagendera ku ngengabitekerezo imwe yo kubona Umututsi nk’ikibazo mu karere. Ibitero byombi byo mu Rwanda byagabwe na ALiR (Armée pour la Libération du Rwanda), yaje guhinduka FDLR. Uyu mutwe ugizwe n’abasize bakoze Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, bayigishije n’indi mitwe iri muri Congo no mu Burundi.

Ku bwicanyi bwa Gatumba, nubwo abantu bavuga FNL ya Agathon Rwasa, ababigizemo uruhare si yo gusa, nubwo FNL yabyiyemereye kuri BBC Gahuza binyuze mu ijwi ry’umuvugizi wabo, Pasteur Habimana. Ubwicanyi bwo mu Gatumba bwakozwe na FNL, ariko ifatanyije na FDLR, Mai-Mai n’ingabo za Congo (FAC) icyo gihe, yaje guhinduka FARDC.

Ni ubwicanyi bwateguwe, nk’uko n’ubwa Mudende byari bimeze. Habayeho kwiga aho impunzi z’Abatutsi zituye, cyane cyane ko mu Gatumba hari inkambi z’ubundi bwoko bw’Abakongomani. Haba mu Gatumba na Mudende, abicanyi hose baje baririmba indirimbo z’Imana.

Uko ubwicanyi bwo mu Gatumba bwateguwe

Ubwicanyi bwabereye mu Gatumba, amakuru agaragaza ko habayeho inama zo gutegura icyo gikorwa, kugabana inshingano no gutegura inzira zitandukanye abari bagiye kubushyira mu bikorwa bari kunyuramo.

Nk’uko bigaragara ku nyandiko y’inama, ku wa 10 Kanama 2004 habaye inama ya mbere yo gutegura igikorwa. Iyo nama yahuje abantu batandukanye bari bafite aho bahuriye n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro n’abayobozi bo mu nzego za gisirikare cya Congo. Muri iyo nama, General Mbuza Mabe ngo yahaye Lieutenant Colonel Mutupeke inshingano zo gukurikirana ibikorwa bijyanye n’igitero cyagombaga kubera i Gatumba.

Iyo nyandiko kandi ivuga ko muri iyo gahunda harimo ‘Kayamba Brigade’ yari i Lemera, abarwanyi ba Mai-Mai bayoborwaga na Lieutenant Colonel Nyakabaka Baudoui, abarwanyi ba FNL Vugizo na FDLR.

Ku wa 12 Kanama 2004, habaye indi nama yo kunoza no kurangiza imyiteguro y’igikorwa, bivugwa ko yabereye mu rugo rwa Lieutenant Colonel Mutupeke. Muri iyo nama, hateguwe inzira eshatu z’ingenzi zari gukoreshwa n’abagombaga kujya mu gikorwa i Gatumba.

Inzira ya mbere yari Kavinvira–Nyangara–Kahololo, ikaba yaragombaga kuyoborwa na Ekofo, Captain Kayamba na Commander Majaliwa.

Inzira ya kabiri yari Ruzizi–Kiliba–Kiliba ONDS–Kahololo, ikaba yaragombaga kuyoborwa na Fujo Zabuloni.

Inzira ya gatatu yari ijyanye n’abarwanyi ba FNL Vugizo ya Agathon Rwasa, bakaba bari kunyura Kahololo, bayobowe na Felicien Kanyambi na Faustin Nguba.

Ibi bigaragaza ko imyiteguro itagarukiye ku gufata icyemezo cyo kugaba igitero gusa, ahubwo ko hateguwe uburyo bwo kugera aho igikorwa cyagombaga kubera, hakagena abayobozi b’amatsinda ndetse n’inzira zitandukanye zari gukoreshwa.

Ubwicanyi bw’i Gatumba bushobora gusobanurwa nk’igikorwa cyari gifite imyiteguro n’imikoranire y’abantu n’amatsinda atandukanye, aho buri tsinda ryari rifite inshingano cyangwa inzira ryagombaga gukoresha.

Mu gihe ku isi yose bibukaga ubu bwicanyi ndengakamere, mu Burundi, aho bwabereye, iki gikorwa nticyabaye. Hashize imyaka isaga icumi abarokokeye mu Gatumba babwirwa ko nta gikorwa cyo kwibuka ubwo bwicanyi giteguye, cyangwa bakababwira ko batagomba kurenga abantu 50, ndetse no kuvugurura aho bashyinguye barabyangiwe.

Ubwicanyi bwo mu Gatumba na Mudende bushingiye ku ngengabitekerezo yakwirakwijwe na FDLR. Kuba uyu mutwe ukorana na Leta y’u Burundi na Leta ya Congo bigaragaza ko ibi bihugu bidashaka amahoro mu karere, kuko gufasha uyu mutwe ari ugushyigikira amakimbirane mu moko atandukanye ku buryo buhoraho.