Abatwara ibinyabiziga barasabwa kurwanya ihumana ry’ikirere riterwa n’imyotsi

Abatwara ibinyabiziga barasabwa kurwanya ihumana ry’ikirere riterwa n’ibyotsi bipfupfunyuka mu modoka cyane ko bigira uruhre mu kwangiza ibidukikije muri rusange ndetse bigatera n’indwara.

 Abatwara imodoka na moto mu Rwanda, n’abafite imashini zikoresha mazutu na lisansi barasabwa kurwanya ihumana ry’ikirere basuzumisha ibinyabiziga byabo uko bikwiye, kugabanya ingendo zitari ngombwa, kuzimya moteri z’ibinyabiziga igihe bihagaze no gukoresha ibinyabiziga bikoresha amashanyarazi aho bishoboka.

 Barabisabwa muri gahunda y’ubukangurambaga bwatangijwe na Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije ibinyujije mu Kigo cy’Igihugu cyo Kubungabunga Ibidukikije (REMA), Ikigo cy’Igihugu gitsura ubuziranenge (RSB), Ikigo gishinzwe ibijyanye n’Isanzure (RSA) na Polisi y’u Rwanda.

Raporo z’igihugu ku mihindagurikire y’ibihe zitangwa ku bunyamabanga bw’amasezerano ku mihindagurikire y’ibihe (UNFCCC) – ni ukuvuga First Biennial Update Report yatanzwe mu kwezi k’Ukuboza 2021 na Third National Communication yatanzwe mu 2018 – zombi zigaragaza ko myinshi mu myuka yongera ubushyuhe mu kirere cy’u Rwanda isohorwa n’imodoka na moto.

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe na REMA bugatangazwa mu 2017, nabwo bwerekanye ko imyotsi isohorwa n’ibinyabiziga iza ku isonga mu bihumanya umwuka mu mijyi y’u Rwanda. Ibinyabiziga n’imashini bihumanya ikirere cyane ni ibidasuzumishwa uko bikwiye cyangwa bigakoresha mazutu na lisansi bitujuje ibipimo by’ubuziranenge.

Ubu bukangurambaga bwiswe Ikinyabiziga kizima, Umwuka mwiza burahamagarira ababifite kubisuzumisha no gukoresha amavuta yujuje ibipimo by’ubuziranenge.

Kubyubahiriza bizagira uruhare mu kugabanya imyuka yongera ubushyuhe mu kirere igateza imihindagurikire y’ibihe, ndetse binongere ubuziranenge bw’umwuka abantu bahumeka.

Umuyobozi mukuru w’Ikigo REMA, Juliet Kabera agira ati “U Rwanda rwashyizeho uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga bugenzura bukanatanga amakuru y’ako kanya ku buziranenge bw’umwuka, aturuka kuri sitasiyo 23 ziri hirya no hino mu gihugu. Iryo koranabuhanga rigaragaza ibihumanya umwuka, kandi byinshi muri byo bifitanye isano n’imyotsi iva mu binyabiziga n’izindi mashini zikoresha lisansi na mazutu.

Ni inshingano za buri wese gusuzumisha buri gihe ikinyabiziga cye, gukoresha lisansi na mazutu byujuje ubuziranenge, no gutangira gukoresha imodoka zikoresha amashanyarazi aho bishoboka kugira abantu bose bahumeke umwuka mwiza”.

Yongeraho ati: “Biteganyijwe ko umubare w’ibinyabiziga mu Rwanda uzikuba kabiri muri 2030, bityo ihumana ry’ikirere, ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe ndetse n’ikiguzi gifitanye isano n’umubyigano w’ibinyabiziga n’ubuzima nacyo kikaziyongera tudafashe ingamba zihuse”

Umuvugizi wa Polisi y’u Rwanda CP John Bosco Kabera nawe yungamo agira ati “Uruhare rw’ibinyabiziga mu guhumanya umwuka mu mijyi ni runini. Ibinyabiziga byose mu Rwanda bigomba gukorerwa isuzuma n’Ikigo gipima ubuziranenge bw’ibinyabiziga hakanarebwa ingano y’imyotsi bisohora. Ikinyabiziga cyose gisohora imyotsi irengeje ibipimo byemewe nticyemewe mu Rwanda. Ishami rya Polisi rishinzwe umutekano wo mu muhanda naryo ryatangiye gupima ingano y’imyotsi isohorwa n’ibinyabiziga ryifashishije ibikoresho ngendanwa”

 Ihumana ry’ikirere riri mu mbogamizi zikomeye zugarije ubuzima bwa muntu. Kugeza ubu, 90% by’abatuye Isi bahumeka umwuka wanduye, kandi abantu hafi miliyoni zirindwi bapfa buri mwaka bazize indwara zifitanye isano no guhumeka umwuka wanduye.

Ihumana ry’ikirere rihombya Isi miliyari 5 z’amadolari ya Amerika mu kwita kku buzima bw’abagerwaho n’ingaruka no guhumeka umwuka wanduye buri mwaka, kandi biteganyijwe ko kwangirika kw’akayunguruzo k’imirasire y’izuba biturutse ku bikorwa bya muntu bizagabanya umusaruro w’ubuhinzi ku gipimo cya 26% kugeza mu 2030.

Mu mwaka wa 2012, impfu zisaga 2,200 zasanishijwe n’ihumana ry’ikirere, imibare ikagaragaza ko n’abivuje indwara zandurira mu myanya y’ubuhumekero mu bigo nderabuzima byo hirya no hino mu gihugu biyongereye bava kuri 1,682,321 muri 2012, bagera kuri 3,331,300 mu 2015.

Mu kubungabunga ubuziranenge bw’umwuka, ubuzima bw’Abanyarwanda n’ibidukikije, Guverinoma y’u Rwanda mu 2015 yemeje ko ibinyabiziga bigomba gupimwa ingano y’imyotsi bisohora. Mu 2019 na 2020, Ikigo RSB cyatangaje ibipimo ngenderwaho by’ubuziranenge bw’umwuka, iby’ingano y’imyotsi isohorwa n’ibinyabiziga, ndetse n’iby’amavuta akoreshwa n’ibinyabiziga biri ku rwego rw’igipimo cya kane (Euro 4) ku mugabane w’u Burayi, bikaba bifatwa nk’ishingiro mu kugenzura ihumana ry’ikirere, gusuzuma no kugenzura ingano y’imyotsi ibinyanyabiziga bisohora hagamijwe kubungabunga ibidukikije, n’ubuzima bw’Abanyarwanda.

Iteka rya Minisitiri rijyanye n’ihumana ry’ikirere rivuga ko umuntu ufite cyangwa ukoresha imashini ikoreshwa n’ibikomoka kuri peteroli agomba kuyisuzumisha no kuyitaho kugira ngo idasohora imyotsi irengeje ibipimo byemewe.

Itegeko ryerekeye kurwanya ihumana ry’ikirere mu Rwanda naryo rivuga ko umuntu wese ufite ikinyabiziga gitwara abantu cyangwa ibintu gisohora imyotsi agomba kugenzura ingano y’imyotsi gisohora.