Ethiopia: Imitwe 7 yitwaje intwaro yashyizeho ihuriro riharanira gukuraho ubutegetsi

Imitwe irindwi yitwaje intwaro muri Ethiopia, irimo iyigeze kurwana ku mpande zitandukanye mu ntambara yo mu majyaruguru y’igihugu yabaye kuva mu 2020 kugeza mu 2022, yatangaje ko yashyizeho ihuriro riharanira gukuraho ubutegetsi bwa Minisitiri w’Intebe Abiy Ahmed no gushyiraho ubutegetsi bw’inzibacyuho.

Iri huriro ryiswe Ethiopian Peoples’ Forces Alliance for Survival, rihuza imitwe ikorera mu turere dutandukanye twa Ethiopia, harimo Tigray People’s Liberation Front (TPLF), Fano National Movement yo muri Amhara, Oromo Liberation Army (OLA), Ogaden National Liberation Front (ONLF), Afar Revolutionary Democratic Unity Front, Benishangul Peoples’ Liberation Movement na Gumuz Peoples’ Democratic Movement.

Amanuel Assefa, Visi Perezida wa TPLF, yabwiye AFP ko iyo mitwe imaze igihe kirenga umwaka iganira ku bufatanye.

Ati: “Tumaze gushinga ihuriro, turakorana n’imitwe myinshi kandi intego zacu ni ugukuraho ubutegetsi no gufasha gushyiraho ubutegetsi bw’inzibacyuho.”

Zemene Kasse, uyobora Fano National Movement yo muri Amhara, ni we washyizweho nk’umuyobozi w’iri huriro. Mu itangazo ryasomwe kuri televiziyo ya Tigray ku Cyumweru, yashinje ubutegetsi buri i Addis Ababa guteza ibibazo bishobora gutuma Ethiopia isenyuka.

Ihuriro rihuza abahoze ari abanzi

Iri huriro rishya rikomeye cyane cyane kubera ko bamwe mu barigize bahoze barwana hagati yabo.

Mu ntambara yo muri Tigray yabaye kuva mu 2020 kugeza mu 2022, ingabo za Fano zo muri Amhara zarwanaga zishyigikiye ingabo za Leta ya Ethiopia mu guhangana n’ingabo za Tigray. Nyuma y’iyo ntambara, Fano na yo yaje guhinduka umutwe urwanya ubutegetsi bwa Addis Ababa.

Hari kandi amakimbirane ashingiye ku butaka, cyane cyane mu gice cya Western Tigray, gitegekwa n’abanyapolitiki n’imitwe itandukanye ariko kikaba gitegekwa na Tigray.

Amanuel yavuze ko ibyo bibazo bishobora kuzaganirwaho nyuma.

Ati: “Tuzicara hamwe nyuma, dukemure ibibazo byacu mu mahoro.”

Ethiopia imaze imyaka ihanganye n’imvururu zirimo intwaro cyane cyane mu turere twa Oromia na Amhara, ari na two mu turere dutuwe cyane muri icyo gihugu.

Ingabo za Leta zimaze imyaka zirwana na OLA muri Oromia kuva mu 2018. Leta ya Ethiopia yashyize OLA ku rutonde rw’imitwe y’iterabwoba. Fano na yo yatangiye kurwanya Leta mu buryo bwitwaje intwaro muri Mata 2023, nyuma y’uko ubutegetsi bwari butangiye gahunda yo kwambura intwaro imitwe yitwaje intwaro yo muri Amhara.

Mu majyaruguru, hari impungenge z’uko imirwano hagati ya Leta n’imitwe yo muri Tigray ishobora kongera gufata indi ntera. Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe wavuze ko mu mezi ashize ingabo za Leta n’iza Tigray zakomeje gukusanya abasirikare hafi y’umupaka w’akarere ka Tigray.

Intambara yo muri Tigray yo mu 2020 kugera 2022 yarangiye nyuma y’amasezerano y’amahoro, ariko yateje urupfu rw’abantu bagera ku bihumbi 600, nk’uko amakuru yatangajwe n’ibitangazamakuru mpuzamahanga abivuga.

Impaka ku bushobozi bw’iri huriro

Abasesenguzi bafite ibitekerezo bitandukanye ku bushobozi bw’iri huriro bwo kugera ku ntego ryatangaje.

Kjetil Tronvoll, impuguke ku bibazo byo mu karere akaba umwarimu muri Oslo New University College muri Norway, yavuze ko hakiri ikibazo cyo kumenya niba imitwe irindwi ishobora gukomeza intambara irwana na Leta ifite ubushobozi bwo gukoresha indege zitagira abapilote.

Yavuze ko niba iyo mitwe ibashije guhuza ibikorwa byayo bya gisirikare, bishobora guteza Leta ikibazo kuko yaba ihanganye n’imirwano ku mpande nyinshi icyarimwe. Ariko yanagaragaje ikibazo cy’uko iyo mitwe ifite ibitekerezo bya politiki n’intego zitandukanye, ku buryo hakiri ikibazo cy’ibizakurikiraho mu gihe ubutegetsi bwaba buhindutse.

Kugeza ku itangazwa ry’iri huriro, Guverinoma ya Ethiopia ntiyari yagira icyo itangaza ku byatangajwe n’iyo mitwe.

Iri huriro rije mu gihe Ethiopia ikomeje guhangana n’amakimbirane atandukanye ashingiye ku mutekano, ubutegetsi bw’uturere n’umubano hagati y’inzego za Leta n’imitwe yitwaje intwaro. Icyakora, itangazwa ry’iri huriro ubwaryo ntirisobanura ko iyo mitwe yamaze gushyiraho ubuyobozi bumwe bw’ingabo cyangwa ko yakemuye amakimbirane yari asanzwe ayitandukanya.