Ubuvuzi bw’u Rwanda mu Isura Nshya: Indwara zitahurwa zikanavurwa hifashishijwe Ikoranabuhanga

Mu myaka 16 ishize, kubona ubuvuzi bwihuse kandi bunoze mu Rwanda byari ingorabahizi. Mu 2010, igihugu cyari gifite amavuriro 511 gusa, bikaba byarashyiraga abaturage mu bibazo bikomeye byo kubona serivisi z’ubuzima ku gihe. Ubu, imibare ya Minisiteri y’Ubuzima igaragaza ko amavuriro amaze kugera ku 1 848, ikerekana intambwe ikomeye mu kwagura serivisi z’ubuzima no kwegera abaturage.

Muri icyo gihe, amakuru y’abarwayi yabikwaga mu bitabo no ku mpapuro. Abaganga babaga bakeneye igihe kinini bashakisha amadosiye, mu gihe abarwayi bamwe bageraga kwa muganga barembye cyane. Gukurikirana uko indwara zikwirakwira no gufata ibyemezo byihuse byabaga bigoye, kuko amakuru yabaga atinze cyangwa atuzuye. Ubu ntibikimeze bityo; ikoranabuhanga ryabaye inkingi urwego rw’ubuzima rwubakiyeho mu Rwanda, rituma amakuru y’abarwayi abikwa mu buryo bwizewe, abaganga bakayageraho mu gihe gito kandi bagafata ibyemezo bishingiye ku bimenyetso bifatika.

Kimwe mu bikorwa bikomeye igihugu cyashyize imbere ni ‘National Health Intelligence Center (NHIC)’, ikigo gikusanya, kigasesengura ndetse kigahuza amakuru y’ubuzima aturuka mu Rwanda hose. Aya makuru afasha abafata ibyemezo kubona ishusho nyayo y’uko ubuzima buhagaze mu gihe nyacyo, hagafatwa ibyemezo bishingiye ku bimenyetso aho gukekakeka.

Minisitiri w’Ubuzima, Dr. Sabin Nsanzimana, yagiye agaragaza ko intego ari ugukoresha ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo ribere umuturage igisubizo mu buzima bwa buri munsi. Ati: “Turi kubaka uburyo amakuru y’ubuzima akoreshwa mu gufata ibyemezo byihuse kandi bishingiye ku bimenyetso. Intego ni uko buri muturage ahabwa serivisi nziza kandi ku gihe, kandi tugashobora kumenya ibibazo by’ubuzima mbere y’uko bihinduka ibyorezo.”

Dr. Nsanzimana ashimangira ko gukoresha Ubwenge Buhangano (Artificial Intelligence) na byo byabaye uburyo bwiza butuma umurwayi avurwa atari kumwe na muganga hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga (Telemedicine), bidasabye ko akora urugendo rurerure.

Avuga ko nyuma y’uko u Rwanda rwungutse ikigo NHIC, icyiciro kigezweho atari ukumenya amakuru y’umuntu urembye cyangwa wapfuye gusa, ahubwo ari ukuramira ubuzima bwe mu gihe arembye, akaba yavurirwa aho ari.

Minisitiri Nsanzimana asobanura ko ubu buryo bukorwa hifashishijwe ibikoresho byabugenewe. Abaganga bari kuvura umurwayi bari kure bambara igikoresho mu maso gifite ubushobozi, undi muganga uri kubafasha na we akambara ikindi, akabafasha kuvura nk’aho bari kumwe.

Ubwo yari mu nama n’abakora mu nzego z’ubuzima bo mu bihugu birindwi byo muri Afurika bari mu Rwanda ku wa 13 Nyakanga, Dr. Nsanzimana yavuze ko u Rwanda rushishikajwe no gushyira imbere ikoranabuhanga mu buvuzi, bityo abantu bakabona serivisi byoroshye.

Ati: “Twageze ku cyiciro cya kabiri cyo kutabona umuntu yarwaye cyangwa yapfuye gusa, ahubwo tukabona abarembye tukaba twabavura dukoresheje inzobere ziri kure. Abaganga bakaba bicaye aha, hari igikoresho bambara mu maso ariko gifite ubushobozi, hanyuma n’undi muganga uri Rusizi cyangwa Karongi akacyambara akamufasha kuvura batari kumwe, niba agiye kubaga atarabimenya neza akamufasha nk’aho bari kumwe.”

Mu gihe ibihugu byinshi bikomeje gushora imari mu ikoranabuhanga mu rwego rw’ubuzima, u Rwanda rukomeje kwigaragaza nk’urugero muri Afurika. Binyuze mu gukoresha amakuru yizewe n’ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, serivisi z’ubuvuzi zinozwa kandi zigahabwa abaturage ku gihe.

NHIC ihuza amakuru ava mu bitaro, ibigo nderabuzima, laboratwari, serivisi z’imbangukiragutabara, gahunda z’ikingira n’izindi nzego zitandukanye. Ibi bikorohereza inzego z’ubuzima gukurikirana uko indwara zihagaze, ibikoresho bihari n’aho bikenewe, ndetse n’imikorere y’inzego zitanga ubuvuzi.

Umuyobozi wa NHIC, Dr. Remera Eric, avuga ko icyerekezo cy’iki kigo ari uko amakuru y’ubuzima yaba umutima wa gahunda zose z’ubuvuzi mu Rwanda. Ati: “Twubaka uburyo amakuru atajya abikwa gusa, ahubwo agakoreshwa mu gutahura ibishobora kuba, gutanga impuruza hakiri kare no gufasha abayobozi gufata ibyemezo byihuse.”

Asobanura ko iki kigo gikomeje kongera ubushobozi bwo gukoresha Ubwenge Buhangano n’ubundi buryo bugezweho mu gusesengura amakuru menshi, hagamijwe kumenya hakiri kare ibimenyetso by’indwara zishobora kwaduka, kugabanya igihe abarwayi bategereza serivisi n’ibindi.

U Rwanda kandi rukomeje gusangira ubunararibonye n’ibindi bihugu bya Afurika. Impuguke n’abayobozi mu rwego rw’ubuzima baturutse mu bihugu bitandukanye barwigiraho uburyo rwubatse sisiteme ihuza amakuru y’ubuzima ku rwego rw’igihugu. Rukomeje kandi ubufatanye n’abafatanyabikorwa batandukanye, barimo ‘Gates Foundation’ y’umuherwe Bill Gates, buzarushaho kongera ubushobozi bw’ikigo NHIC.

Icyerekezo cya NST2

Gahunda ya kabiri ya Guverinoma yo kwihutisha iterambere (NST2, 2024 – 2029) ishimangira ko u Rwanda rwihaye intego yo kubaka ubuvuzi bushingiye ku ikoranabuhanga n’amakuru. Serivisi z’ubuzima zigomba kugera ku baturage barenga 90%, ubwisungane mu kwivuza bukagera kuri 95%, ndetse amakuru y’abarwayi n’ay’indwara agakoreshwa mu gufata ibyemezo byihuse binyuze muri sisitemu z’ikoranabuhanga.

Ubuvuzi bw’u Rwanda buri mu isura nshya, aho ikoranabuhanga ryabaye inkingi y’ingenzi mu gutahura no kuvura indwara. Uhereye ku kwiyongera kw’amavuriro kuva kuri 511 mu 2010 kugera ku 1 848 muri 2026, kugeza ku kubaka ikigo NHIC gihuza amakuru y’ubuzima ku rwego rw’igihugu, u Rwanda ruri mu nzira yo kwerekana ko ikoranabuhanga ari umusingi w’ubuzima bwiza.

Telemedicine, Ubwenge Buhangano n’ubufatanye mpuzamahanga byose bigaragaza ko igihugu cyahisemo inzira yo guhanga udushya mu rwego rw’ubuzima. Intego ni imwe: gutanga serivisi z’ubuzima zinoze, ku gihe, kandi zishingiye ku bimenyetso, kugira ngo buri muturage arindwe indwara hakiri kare, avurwe aho ari kandi ubuzima bwe buramirwe mu buryo bunoze.