Bwa mbere mu mateka AI yakoze igishushanyo mbonera cya virusi

Abashakashatsi bo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika batangaje ko bwa mbere mu mateka ubwenge buhangano (Artificial Intelligence, AI) bwakoze igishushanyo mbonera cya virusi nshya nyuma zigeragerezwa muri laboratwari n’abashakashatsi zitangira gukora.

Ubu bushakashatsi bwashyizwe hanze ku wa 06 Kanama 2026, bwakozwe n’itsinda ry’abahanga bo muri Kaminuza ya Stanford, aho bakoresheje AI ebyiri iyitwa Evo1 na Evo2, zihabwa amahugurwa zisesengura amakuru y’utunyangingo (genetic code) yavuye kuri virusi, bagiteri, ibimera n’abantu, kugira ngo zimenye uburyo ziyubakiraho; nyuma zihita zikora igishushanyo mbonera cya virusi nshya zitigeze zibaho.

Ikinyamakuru The Guardian cyatangaje ko Abashakashatsi bahisemo ibishushanyo mbonera 302, AI yari yagaragaje ko bifite amahirwe menshi yo gukora, babikorera muri laboratwari kugira ngo bagerageze ko bishoboka, nyuma virusi nshya 16 zihita zigaragaza ubushobozi bwo kwanduza no kwica bagiteri zo mu bwoko bwa Escherichia Coli (E. Coli).

Izo virusi ni izo mu bwoko bwa bacteriophage, zisanzwe zizwiho kwanduza bagiteri gusa ntizanduze abantu cyangwa izindi nyamaswa, ari na yo mpamvu abo bashakashatsi bavuga ko ubu bushakashatsi butashyize ubuzima bw’abantu mu kaga.

Samuel King, umwe mu bari muri iryo tsinda ry’abashakashatsi, yavuze ko bishimiye kubona ibimenyetso byerekana ko virusi bakoze zatangiye gukora kuko babonye ahantu bagiteri zari zapfiriye ku bikoresho byo muri Laboratwari.

Bavuga ko ubu bushakashatsi bushobora gufasha mu kuvumbura uburyo bushya bwo kuvura indwara ziterwa na bagiteri cyane cyane izitakivurwa n’imiti yica bagiteri, (antibiotics), mu gihe imibare y’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku Buzima, OMS igaragaza ko mu 2021, abagera kuri miliyoni 4,71 ku Isi bapfuye bazira bagiteri zitakihangarwa n’imiti.

Ubu bushakashatsi bushimangira ko nta muntu wakwandura izo virusi nshya ariko hari bamwe mu bahanga bavuga ko iryo koranabuhanga rishobora gukoreshwa nabi rikifashishwa mu gukora virusi zatera indwara cyangwa zikangiza ubuzima bw’abantu.

Mu nyandiko yasohokanye nubwo bushakashatsi mu kinyamakuru Science, Abashakashatsi bo mu kigo cya Johns Hopkins gishinzwe umutekano mu rwego rw’ubuzima bavuze ko ikibazo kitakiri ukumenya niba AI ishobora gukora virusi nshya, ahubwo hakwiye kwibazwa uko yarindwa gukoreshwa mu buryo bushobora guteza ingaruka zikomeye.

Bavuga ko gukora virusi zishobora gutera abantu indwara bidakwiye ahubwo abashakashatsi bagakomeza gukora ibiteza imbere n’ibirengera ubuzima.

Bavuga kandi ko nubwo AI imaze kugera ku rwego rwo gukora virusi ariko gukora ikinyabuzima cyuzuye bikiri kure, bagasobanura ko virusi bakoze zifite amakuru y’utunyangingo agizwe n’inyuguti 5 400, mu gihe akanyabuzima gato kazima kagira nibura inyuguti zirenga 500 000, naho umuntu akagira inyuguti zigera kuri miliyari eshatu.

Gusa bavuga ko iyi ari intambwe ikomeye mu mateka ya siyansi, kuko ari ubwa mbere abantu batangiye gukora ibishushanyo mbonera bakoresheje AI.

Bemeza ko mu gihe iri koranabuhanga ryakomeza gukoreshwa neza no kugenzurwa neza, rishobora kuvamo imiti mishya, uburyo bushya bwo kuvura indwara, n’ubundi buhanga buzafasha guhangana n’indwara zikomeye zugarije Isi, bagashimangira ko hakenewe amategeko n’ubugenzuzi bukomeye kugira ngo iryo koranabuhanga ritazakoreshwa mu buryo bwahungabanya umutekano w’ikiremwamuntu.