Impinduka zitezwe ku Kigo cy’ikoranabuhanga gitubura imbuto mu Rwanda

Uko abaturage b’u Rwanda biyongera ni ko n’ibyo bagomba kurya bikeneye kurushaho kwiyongera, ari na yo mpamvu u Rwanda rwatangiye gushyira mu bikorwa ingamba zo gukemura ibibazo by’umutekano w’ibiribwa bishobora kugendana n’ubwo bwiyongere. 

Imibare y’agateganyo y’Ikigo cy’Igihugu cy’Ibarurishamibare mu Rwanda (NISR) igaragaza ko abaturage b’u Rwanda bazaba bageze nibura kuri miliyoni 23 bitarenze mu 2052, bavuye kuri miliyoni zisaga 14 z’abaturage babarurwa kugeza uyu munsi.

Mu gihe aba baturage biyongera, ubuso batuyeho bakanakuraho ibibatunga ntibuhinduka, ari na yo mpamvu u Rwanda rwatangiye gutegura uburyo bugezweho bwo kongera umusaruro hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga.

Ubuyobozi bw’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Guteza imbere Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi (RAB) bwemeza ko nka bumwe mu buryo bwo gushaka igisubizo kirambye, bitarenze mu mwaka utaha wa 2027 u Rwanda ruzaba rufite Ikigo cy’Ikoranabuhanga mu gutubura no gutunganya imbuto z’indobanure zihanganira imihindagurikire y’ibihe.

Ni ikigo cyitezweho kuzura gitwaye miliyari zisaga 10 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda kizaba ari cyo cya mbere mu Karere, kikazafasha cyane mu kongera umusaruro w’ubuhinzi, kurwanya indwara zibasira ibihingwa no guhangana n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire mu buryo burambye. 

Cyitezweho gutangira gifasha mu gutegura imbuto y’ibihingwa bitatu byongerewe ubushobozi ari byo insina, ibirayi n’imyumbati ariko bikazakomeza kwiyongera, kugira ngo umutekano w’ibiribwa urusheho kubungabungwa hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rigezweho rirushaho kongera ubudahangarwa bw’utunyangingo tw’ibihingwa.  

Ubuyobozi bwa RAB buhamya ko icyo kigo kizishingikiriza cyane ku ikoranabuhanga ry’ibinyabuzima rifasha abahanga mu bya siyansi gutubura imbuto zitanga umusaruro mwinshi cyane, ari na ko hagabanywa ibyago byo kwibasirwa n’indwara cyangwa ibyonnyi byiyongera uko bukeye n’uko bwije. 

Ni umushinga witezweho impinduka zikomeye mu Gihugu kuko uzarushaho kongerera imbaraga uruhererekane rw’ibiribwa, uhereye ku gutunganya imbuto zishobora gufasha abahinzi mu bihingwa bikenerwa cyane n’abaturage mu buzima bwa buri munsi.

Uyu mushinga uje mu gihe u Rwanda rukomeje gushora imbaraga nyinshi mu ikoranabuhanga rigezweho mu buhinzi, hagamijwe guharanira kongera umusaruro no gushyigikira umubare munini w’abahinzi bato n’abaciriritse batunzwe gusa n’ubuhinzi. 

Kuri ubu iryo koranabuhanga ryatangiye kugeragerezwa kuri Sitasiyo y’Ubushakashatsi ya RAB ya Rubona mu Majyepfo n’iya Musanze mu Majyaruguru, aho abahanga mu bya siyansi bakomeje kubona umusaruro w’ubushakashatsi bwabo mu gutubura imbuto y’imyumbati, insina, ibijumba, ibirayi n’ikawa ihingwa rimwe (hybrid coffee).

Imibare ituruka muri RAB igaragaza ko u Rwanda rukomeje gutera intambwe ishimishije mu gutubura imbuto hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga rigezweho, kuko mu mwaka wa 2023/2024, hatubuwe imbuto miliyoni 2 z’ibirayi, izibarirwa mu 12,450 z’insina ndetse n’izindi ibihumbi n’ibihumbi z’imyumbati n’ibijumba. 

Iyo mibare kandi yerekana ko u Rwanda rwakomeje kongera ubushobozi uko imyaka ishira indi igataha, kuko nko mu mwaka w’ingengo y’imari wa 2020/2021 Laboratwari zo kuri Sitasito ya Rubona zatubuye imbuto miliyoni 1.48 z’ibirayi, imbuto 14,203 z’imyumbati, imbuto 9,760 z’ibijumba ndetse n’imbuto 7,375 z’insina za kijyambere.

Gatunzi Felix, umushakashatsi wa RAB ukora mu ishami rishinzwe ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi, asobanura ko ubwo bushakashatsi babukorera ku musaruro w’ubuhinzi wavuye mu masambu y’abaturage maze bakawukuramo imbuto zongerewe ubushobozi kandi zishobora guhunikwa zikongera guhingwa, atari nk’izo bamwe basanzwe bafite zihingwa rimwe (hybrid). 

Yagize ati: “Dukoresha utunyangingo tw’igihingwa n’amababi yacyo mu kurema imbuto zikura vuba kandi zigatanga umusaruro ufatika, bitandukanye n’umusaruro uva mu buhinzi busanzwe.”

Avuga kandi ko bakomeje kwibanda cvane ku gukora imbuto y’imyumbati n’iy’ibirayi kuko izihari zagiye zihura n’ibyorezo ndetse n’ibyonnyi bitandukanye.

Umunyamabanga Uhoraho muri Minisiteri y’Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi MINAGRI, Dr. Olivier Kamana avuga ko iri koranabuhanga rihangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe ryiswe BIOCAP, rigamije gutanga umusaruro ufatika mu gihe ingaruka z’imihindagurikire zihindagurika, indwara n’ibyonnyi bikiyongera.  

Ahamya ko iki kigo cy’icyitegererezo cyateguriwe kubakwa muri ISAR Rubona, kikazaba igisubizo kirambye ku bushakashatsi bukorwa mu buhinzi bukenewe mu Karere, aho bizagabanya imbuto z’ibihingwa zitumizwa mu mahanga.

Ati: “Ibi bizadufasha kugabanya gukomeza kwishingikiriza ku mbuto zitumizwa mu mahanga, binafashe abahinzi kugera ku mbuto z’indobanure zikorewe mu Rwanda.”

Ubuhinzi buracyafatiye runini imibereho myiza y’abaturage n’ubukungu bw’u Rwanda, kuko ari bwo buha akazi umubare munini w’Abanyarwanda. 

Impuguke mu by’ubuhinzi zizera ko  iki kigo kizatanga umusanzu ukomeye mu kugera ku mpinduramatwara ikenewe mu buhinzi bugezweho mu Rwanda no muri Afurika.