U Rwanda rushobora kuzisanga rukora ku nyanja

Abahanga mu bumenyi bw’Isi  bashyize u Rwanda mu bihugu bishobora kuzisanga bikora ku nyanja mu gihe Umugabane w’Afurika ukomeje gusaduka wigabamo kabiri. 

Ni nyuma y’aho bigaragariye ko agace ka Somali mu Majyaruguru y’Iburasirazuba bw’Afurika ndetse n’aka Nubia ko mu Majyepfo y’Afurika tugenda dusaduka gahoro gahoro ari na ko ibice by’Abarabu bigenda byegera kure y’Afurika. 

Bivugwa ko icyo gikorwa cyitezweho kuzamara imyaka iri hagati ya miliyoni 5 na miliyoni 10 kuko imitutu yavutse igenda yiyongeraho milimetero 7 buri mwaka. 

Bizarangira Afurika icitsemo imigabane ibiri aho u Rwanda, Uganda, u Burundi, igice cy’u Burasirazuba bwa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (DRC, Malawi, na Zambia ari bimwe mu bihugu byari bisanzwe bidakora ku nyanja bizisansanga bikora kuri iyo izavuka hagati y’ubutaka bwatandukanye. 

Ubushakashatsi bwatangajwe mu Kinyamkuru Quartz,  bwerekana ko ubutaka buzatandukana ari ubuherereye mu cyogogo cy’Afurika y’Iburasirazuba kirimo kugaragaza ibimenyetso bisa n’ibyigaragaje mu myaka amamiliyoni ubwo inkengero z’imigabane zigabaga. 

Guhera mu mwaka wa 2005 ni bwo hari umututu wagaragaye mu butayu bwa Afar muri Ethiopia, uza ushimangira ibyo abashakashatsi babanje gushimangira igihe kinini ko Afurika iri mu nzira zo kwigabanyamo kabiri. 

Ibyo byabaye igihe ikirunga cyitwa Dabbahu cyarukaga hakaba n’imitingito mu mpera z’icyogogo cy’Afurika y’Iburasirazuba. Iruka ry’icyo kirunga ryaje rikurikira ukunyeganyega k’ubutaka bw’igice cya Nubia, ubwa Somali ndetse n’ubw’Arabia; ubutayu bwa Afar buherereye hagati y’ibyo bice. 

Mu 2018, impuguke mu bumenyi bw’Isi zashimangiye iby’icyo gitekerezo ubwo hari undi mututu wavukaga ahitwa Narok, umujyi muto uherereye mu bilometero 142 mu Burengerazuba bw’Umurwa Mukuru wa Nairobi muri Kenya. 

Uwo mututu warushijeho kwagurwa n’imvura nyinshi yagiye muri ako gace, nubwo bamwe babanje gukeka ko iyo mvura ari yo yateye gusaduka k’ubutaka. 

Mercy Buret, umwe mu mpuguke mu bumenyi bw’Isi zikora mu Ishuri Rikuru rya Tekiniki rya Baringo, yabwiye Quartz ati: “Ubutaka bwo mu cyogogo cy’uburasirazuba bw’Afurika buranyeganyega ku buryo birema imbaraga. Kuba hari agace gaturukamo amahindure (magma) ni imwe mu mpamvu zishimangira ko ugusaduka kuzakomeza mu cyogogo.”

Baringo ni Intara inyuramo icyogogo cya Kenya, Buret akaba ashimgira ko impinduka ziba buri munsi zidashobora kumvwa n’abaturiye aho bibera, ariko uko imyaka ihita ni ko hazagenda hagaragara kohari icyahindutse. 

Mu gihe ubu butaka buzaba bumaze gutandukana, RDC yari isanzwe ifite agace gato gakora ku nyanja izaba ibonye igice kini cyane, mu gihe Kenya, Tanzania na Ethiopia bizaba bifite impande ebyiri ebyiri zikora ku nyanja. 

Nyuma yo gutandukana igice cyiyomoye kuri Afurika kuzab ma kugizwe na Somalia, Eritrea, Djibouti, n’ibice by’uburasirazuba bwa  Ethiopia, Kenya, Tanzania na  Mozambique aho icyogogo kirangirira. 

Ikindi gice cya Nubia kizaba gikora ku nyanja kikazabarizwamo ibihugu byinshi byo mu burasirazuba n’uburengerazuba bw’Afurika byari bisanzwe byifashisha ibihugu by’abaturanyi kugira ngo bigere ku nyungu ziva ku gukora ku nyanja nk’ubwikorezi, ubucuruzi, uburobyi n’izindi.  

Aha ni ho u Rwanda, RDC, Uganda n’u Burundi bizaba biherereye mu gihe kuri ubu bibona inyungu zo guturana n’inyanja kubera icyambu cya Mombasa cyo muri Kenya ndetse n’icya Dar es Salaam. 

Mu gihe itandukana ry’ubutaka rizazana n’ikiguzi gihambaye cyo kwimura abaturage no gutunganya ibyambu, nyuma y’aho ibyo bihugu bizabona inyungu zihambaye kuko bizoroherwa ku birebana n’amafaranga y’ubwikorezi, uburobyi n’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga. 

Bisobanuye kandi ko ibihugu bizabasha kugera kuri internet inyuzwa mu mugozi uca mu ndiba y’inyanja mu gihe ikoranabuhanga rizaba ritararenga icyo cyiciro cy’irigezweho kuri ubu.