Dafroza Gauthier yasigiye Abanyarwanda umurage wo guharanira ubutabera no kuba ijwi ry’abishwe muri Jenoside

Dafroza Mukarumongi Gauthier watuvuyemo tariki 4 Ukwakira 2026 azibukwa nk’umugore wahariye igice kinini cy’ubuzima bwe guharanira ubutabera ku bishwe muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, akurikirana abakekwagaho kuyigiramo uruhare bari barahungiye mu Burayi, anaharanira ko ukuri ku byabaye mu Rwanda kutazibagirana. Ariko umurage yasigiye Abanyarwanda urenze gukurikirana abajenosideri. Yari n’ijwi ry’abishwe, umuvugizi w’abarokotse, umubyeyi w’abana batakaje imiryango yabo, ndetse yaharaniye ko abakoze ibyaha batabona amahoro yo kubihungira mu mahanga.

Dafroza n’umugabo we Alain Gauthier bahisemo kwiyegurira uru rugamba mu gihe hari abakoze Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 bari barahungiye mu bihugu by’i Burayi, bakubaka ubuzima bushya, kandi bimirije imbere umugambi wo guhakana no gupfobya uruhare rwabo muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 yahitanye abarenga miliyoni. Babaye mu bantu batemeye ko guhunga igihugu ari inzira yo gucika ubutabera, kandi ko imyaka ishobora gusibanganya ukuri ku byabaye.

Dafroza ntiyari umunyamategeko, ahubwo yari umuhanga mu by’ibinyabutabire (Chemistry). Icyakora, yari asobanukiwe ko ubutabera ku bishwe muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 butagomba kurangirira ku mipaka y’u Rwanda. Yiyemeje gufasha mu gukusanya ubuhamya, gushaka amakuru ku bakekwagaho uruhare muri Jenoside no gukurikirana inzira z’amategeko kugira ngo abakekwaho ibyaha bagezwe imbere y’ubutabera.

Gufasha abarokotse no kwita ku bana batakaje imiryango

Kugira ngo umuntu asobanukirwe neza Dafroza Gauthier, ni ngombwa kureba no ku ruhande rw’ubuzima bwe rutazwi cyane ugereranyije n’urugamba rwo gukurikirana abajenosideri. Ntiyari umuntu wibandaga ku nkiko gusa; yari azi ko nyuma ya Jenoside hari abantu bari bakeneye ubufasha, urukundo n’icyizere cyo kongera kubaho.

Mbere ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994, Daphroza yaherukaga mu Rwanda muri Gashyantare 1994, amezi abiri mbere y’uko Jenoside itangira. Igihe ubwicanyi bwatangiraga, yakurikiranye amakuru y’ibyaberaga mu Rwanda, ashakisha amakuru y’abarokotse Jenoside Yakorewe Abatutsi, cyane cyane abana.

Mu bana yafashije harimo abari barahungiye i Burundi bakajyanwa na Croix-Rouge. Dafroza yagize uruhare mu bikorwa byatumye abo bana bagezwa mu Bufaransa muri Kanama 1994, ku bufatanye na Minisiteri y’Ububanyi n’Amahanga y’u Bufaransa.

We n’umuryango we kandi bakiriye abandi bana bari bararokotse Jenoside mu gace ka Nyamirambo, babifashijwemo na Padiri Henri Blanchard, uzwi mu bikorwa byo gufasha abana kurokoka muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.

Ibi bikorwa bigaragaza ko kuri Dafroza, Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi itari ikibazo cy’amateka cyangwa politiki yo kwigira ntibindeba. Kuri we cyari ikibazo cy’abantu bafite amazina, imiryango, ibikomere n’ubuzima bwari bukeneye kongera kubakwa. Kwita ku bana bari baratakaje ababyeyi babo byari kimwe mu bimenyetso by’impuhwe n’ubumuntu byamurangaga.

Mu 1996, Dafroza na Alain bagarutse mu Rwanda. Dafroza yamenye byinshi ku byabaye ku Batutsi bo mu muryango we bishwe muri Jenoside, anahura bwa mbere n’abavandimwe be bari barahunze mu 1959, nyuma bakaza gutahuka.

Ibyo byamwegereje kurushaho kumenya amateka y’imiryango yasenywe, ububabare bw’abarokotse n’inshingano zo guharanira ko abakoze ibyaha babiryozwa.

Ubuhamya bw’abarokotse bwamwinjije mu rugamba rw’ubutabera

Urugamba rwa Dafroza rwo gukurikirana abajenosideri rwakomejwe n’ubuhamya bw’abarokotse Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994. Igihe yari mu Rwanda, yasuye umuryango warokotse, awumvaho ubuhamya ku bikorwa byari byarakozwe na Padiri Wenceslas Munyeshyaka, icyo gihe wari mu Bufaransa.

Ubwo buhamya bwamweretse ko hari abantu bakekwagaho kugira uruhare muri Jenoside bari barahungiye mu mahanga, mu gihe abarokotse bo bakomeje kubana n’ingaruka z’ibyababayeho. Yafashe ubwo buhamya, anashishikariza abarokotse kuvuga ibyo bari baranyuzemo kugira ngo ukuri kumenyekane kandi inzira y’ubutabera ibone uko itangira.

Dafroza yasobanukiwe ko guceceka bishobora gutuma ibyaha bitamenyekana, abakekwaho kubikora bagakomeza kubaho nta rubanza, naho abishwe bakaguma mu mwanya wo kwibagirana. Ni yo mpamvu yahisemo kugira uruhare mu gukurikirana abakekwagaho Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi bari barahungiye mu Burayi.

Yagize uruhare mu gukurikirana dosiye nyinshi z’abakekwagaho kugira uruhare muri Jenoside zaburanishirijwe mu Bufaransa. Mu manza zizwi cyane harimo urwa Pascal Simbikangwa, Octavien Ngenzi na Tito Barahira, Claude Muhayimana, Laurent Bucyibaruta, Philippe Hategekimana, Sosthène Munyemana na Eugène Rwamucyo.

Izo manza zagaragaje ko nubwo umuntu ashobora kuva mu gihugu yakoreyemo ibyaha, akimukira mu mahanga kandi akubaka ubuzima bushya, ibyo yakoze bidashobora guhanagurwa n’intera cyangwa n’igihe.

Dafroza yagize uruhare mu manza zigera kuri 40 z’abakekwagaho Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi. Izi manza zagiye zitwara imyaka myinshi, zimwe zikaba zararanzwe n’imbogamizi z’amategeko, ibimenyetso n’ubukererwe bw’ubutabera. Icyakora, yakomeje gukurikirana inzira zazo, kuko yumvaga ko buri rubanza ari intambwe igana ku kugaragaza ukuri no gusubiza icyubahiro abishwe.

Kimwe mu bimenyetso bikomeye by’umurage wa Dafroza Gauthier ni urupapuro yajyaga yitwaza rwanditseho amazina y’abantu 89 bo mu muryango we bishwe muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Yagiye agaragara mu bitangazamakuru bitandukanye byo mu Burayi, mu biganiro rusange no mu bikorwa byo kumenyesha amahanga ibyabaye mu Rwanda. Yabaye isura imenyerewe kuri televiziyo zirimo France 2, France 24, TV5 na RTBF, aho yagaragazaga ukuri ku byabaye mu Rwanda kandi akamagana abahakana cyangwa abapfobya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Amazina 89 y’abagize umuryango we ntiyari imibare gusa. Buri zina ryari umuntu wari ufite ubuzima bwe, umuryango, inzozi n’ejo hazaza. Hari ababyeyi, abana, abavandimwe n’abandi bantu bari bafite uruhare mu buzima bw’abo babanaga.

Dafroza yajyaga yitwaza ayo mazina mu biganiro, mu bikorwa byo kwamagana ihakana rya Jenoside no mu rugendo rwo guharanira ubutabera. Yibutsaga amahanga ko inyuma y’imibare y’abishwe hari abantu nyakuri, kandi ko kwibuka amazina yabo ari uburyo bwo kubasubiza icyubahiro bambuwe.

Yari azi ko abantu benshi bishwe batigeze bagira amahirwe yo kuvuga ibyababayeho, ko imiryango imwe n’imwe yarimbuwe burundu, ndetse ko hari abarokotse bakomeje kubana n’ihungabana rikomeye rituma batabasha kuvuga ibyo banyuzemo.

Ni muri urwo rwego Dafroza yabaye ijwi ry’abatari bakibasha kuvuga. Yaharaniye ko abishwe bataguma mu mibare gusa, ahubwo ko amateka yabo akomeza kubaho mu buhamya, mu nkiko no mu mitima y’abazabakomokaho.

Ubutwari bwo guhangana n’abahakana Jenoside

Guhangana n’abakekwagaho uruhare muri Jenoside imbere y’inkiko ntibyari ibintu byoroshye. Hari abahakanaga uruhare rwabo, bagapfobya ibyabaye cyangwa bakagerageza kwerekana ko nta ruhare bagize mu bwicanyi bwakorewe Abatutsi mu mvugo zisesereza abatangabuhamya.

Dafroza yigeze kubazwa uko yabashaga kwicara imbere y’abantu bakekwagaho kugira uruhare muri Jenoside, akabareba mu maso mu gihe bamwe bahakana ibyaha bashinjwaga ndetse na Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi muri rusange.

Igisubizo cye cyagaragaje aho yavanaga ubutwari: ntiyumvaga ko aba ari wenyine mu rukiko. Yumvaga amajwi y’abarenga miliyoni bishwe muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi, nk’aho bamubwira bati: “Uriya ushinja ni we watwishe.” Kuko yabaga afite ibimenyetso bihagije.

Iyi mvugo igaragaza uko yabonaga inshingano yari afite. Ntiyajyaga mu nkiko ahagarariye umuryango we gusa. Yumvaga ahagarariye abishwe batari bafite ababakurikiranira mu butabera, imiryango yarimbuwe, abana batageze ubwana bwabo, bakicwa batazi nicyo bazira, ababyeyi batabonye uko barera abana babo n’abarokotse bari bakeneye ko ukuri kwabo kumvwa.

Yari azi ko abakekwaho Jenoside bashobora kugira inshuti, ubushobozi, amateka ya politiki cyangwa abababuranira. Ariko ntiyemeye ko ibyo byaba impamvu yo kubareka ngo bacike ubutabera.

Dafroza kandi yaterwaga agahinda n’ubukererwe bw’ubutabera. Hari dosiye zamaze imyaka myinshi zitararangira, mu gihe bamwe mu baregwaga bakomeje kwidegembya, abandi bagakoresha ibitangazamakuru cyangwa imbuga zabo mu guhakana no gupfobya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi.

Urugero ni urubanza rwa Eugène Rwamucyo, rwamaze igihe kirekire rukurikiranywe. Rwamucyo yakatiwe igifungo cy’imyaka 27 mu 2024, igihano cyongera kwemezwa mu bujurire muri Nyakanga 2026. Ibyo bigaragaza uburemere n’igihe bishobora gufata kugira ngo ubutabera bugere ku muntu ukekwaho uruhare mu byaha bya Jenoside.

Kuri Dafroza, ubutabera bwatinze bukomeretsa abarokotse, ariko kuri we ntiyigeze iba impamvu yo gucika intege. Yizeraga ko n’iyo umuntu yakatirwa mu mpera z’ubuzima bwe, urubanza ruba rufite agaciro: ku mateka, ku barokotse, ku bana babo no ku kuri kugomba gusigara ku bisekuru bizaza.

Umurage w’ubutabera n’ukuri ku mateka

Dafroza Gauthier yasigiye Abanyarwanda isomo rikomeye: guharanira ubutabera ku bishwe muri Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ni inshingano idashobora gushingira ku barokotse gusa. Bisaba abantu bemera kuvugira abatagira ijwi, gukusanya ibimenyetso, kubika ubuhamya no kudacogora imbere y’imbogamizi.

Yagaragaje ko ubutabera atari igihano gusa. Ni no gusubiza icyubahiro abishwe, gufasha abarokotse kumva ko ububabare bwabo bwumviswe, kurinda amateka kugorekwa no guha ibisekuru bizaza ukuri bizashingiraho byiga amateka y’igihugu cyabyo.

Yasize urugero rw’umuntu wahisemo kudaceceka mu gihe hari abashakaga ko ibyabaye mu Rwanda byibagirana cyangwa bigahindurirwa ubusobanuro. Yerekanye ko umuntu utari umunyamategeko ashobora kugira uruhare rukomeye mu butabera igihe yiyemeje kuvugira abatagira ijwi no kudacogora mu guharanira ukuri.

Urugamba rwe kandi rugaragaza akamaro ko gukomeza gufasha abashinzwe ubutabera gukusanya ubuhamya, kubika ibimenyetso no gukurikirana abakekwaho uruhare muri Jenoside baba mu bihugu bitandukanye. Ibyo ni ingenzi mu kurwanya umuco wo kudahana no kurinda ko abakoze ibyaha bya Jenoside bahabwa ubuhungiro bubarinda kubazwa ibyo bakoze.

Uyu munsi, nubwo Dafroza Gauthier atakiriho, amazina y’abishwe yagendanaga, ubuhamya yakusanyije n’imanza yagizemo uruhare bikomeza kuba igice cy’umurage yasigiye Abanyarwanda. Urugamba rwe rusigira abariho inshingano yo gukomeza kuvuga ukuri, kwibuka abishwe no kwamagana ihakana n’ipfobya rya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994.

Dafroza ntiyashoboraga gusubiza ubuzima abishwe, ariko yahisemo gukora ibishoboka kugira ngo batibagirana kandi abakekwagaho kubica batabicikira ubutabera. Yaharaniye ko amazina yabo atazima, ko ubuhamya bw’abarokotse butazimira, kandi ko abashaka kugoreka amateka bahura n’abantu biteguye kuvugira ukuri.

Dafroza Gauthier azibukwa nk’umugore waharaniye ko abishwe batibagirana, ko abarokotse bumvwa, kandi ko abakoze Jenoside batagomba guhabwa amahoro no kwihisha inyuma y’imyaka, imipaka cyangwa ihakana ry’amateka.

Dafroza yakundaga gusoza ibiganiro bye haba mu kuganira cyangwa kuri telephone avuga ati: “Dutahe cyaneeeee!” Ubu na we yitabye Imana, ariko umurage yasize ntuzarangirana na we. Amajwi y’abishwe muri Jenoside Yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994 aracyumvikana mu mateka, mu nkiko no mu mitima y’abaharanira ukuri n’ubutabera.

Dutahe cyane, Dafroza. Nawe ubadutahirize. Ruhukira mu mahoro.