U Rwanda rwashoye imishinga 19 ku isoko rya karuboni

Leta y’u Rwanda yagaragaje ko ifite imishinga 19 yashoye ku isoko rya karuboni, muri gahunda yo kugabanya ibyuka bihumanya ikirere bikangiza n’ibidukikije.

Umuyobozi Mukuru Wungirije w’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ibidukikije (REMA) Munyazikwiye Faustin, yabigarutseho ku wa Kabiri tariki ya 3 Kamena 2025, mu kiganiro yahaye Abasenateri bagize Komisiyo y’Iterambere ry’Ubukungu n’Imari.

Ni ikiganiro cyibanze kuri gahunda ya Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yo korohereza abaturage kubona ibicanwa bitangiza ibidukikije.

Isoko rya karubone ni isoko ry’Isi yose ryubakiye ku masezerano mpuzamahanga y’imihindagurikire y’ibihe, aho ibihugu bikize byiyemeje kugabanya imyuka yangiza ikirere, ariko kubera ko bitabasha kugera ku kigereranyo bisabwa kugabanya byahisemo ko ibihugu bikiri mu nzira y’amajyambere n’u Rwanda rurimo bigishobora guhangana n’iyo myuka bigira imishinga bikora noneho ibyo bihugu bikize bikayigura.

Munyazikwiye yagize ati: “Uko tubikora, ku bicanwa iyo ukoresha amashyiga atatu, wabara imyotsi yose yasohotse ukoresheje izo nkwi ku mashyiga atatu, niba isohora umwaka wa karuboni jigatoni 100 ni urugero.

Niba ukoze imbabura ibasha kugabanya imyotsi iva mu bicanwa, ni ukuvuga ngo ya mbabura, irasohora imyotsi ingana na jigatoni 10. Ubwo izo 90 watumye zitajya mu kirere kandi zagomba kujyayo. Izo rero ni zo ushobora kuba wagurisha.”

Yavuze ko kompanyi zikomeye n’ibindi bihugu biteye imbere ari byo byiyemeje kugura iyo ngano y’imyuka iba yabujije kujya mu kirere ngo icyanduze.

Ati: “Igiciro cyo kirahindagurika, hari aho bikorwa ku bwumvikane bw’umucuruzi n’umuguzi, hakaba n’ibindi bukorwa bishingiye ku masezerano mpuzamahanga ku mihindagurikire y’ibihe, aho hava ayo mafaranga.”

REMA yagaragaje ko kugeza ubu u Rwanda rufite imishinga 19 ku isoko rya karuboni.

Munyazikwiye ati: “Hari imishinga 12 iri mu rwego rwo gutunganya no guteza imbere imbabura n’ibindi bikoresho byo guteka bidahumanya ikirere harimo kandi imishinga 3 ijyanye n’ubusitani n’amashyamba, ndetse n’imishinga 4 iri mu rwego rwo gusukura amazi.”

U Rwanda rwiteguye kubyaza umusaruro isoko rya karubone

Senateri Alexis Mugisha yagaragaje ko igihe isoko rya karubone (carbon ryaba ritangiye kwinjiza amafaranga, abaturage bagize uruhare muri iyo mishinga bakagombye kuba mu babyungukiramo, bikaba byabatera imbaraga zo gukomeza kurengera ibidukikije.

Yagize ati: “Hakwiye kubaho uburyo buri wese yungukiramo aho kugira ngo bamwe bunguke abandi babihomberemo. Nk’uko bigaragara mu mushinga wa Green Gicumbi, aho umuturage ahabwa ingemwe cyangwa Imbabura igezweho itangiza ikirere, n’abatuye mu mijyi bagize uruhare mu kugabanya imyuka ihumanya ikirere bakwiye guhabwa agahimbazamusyi.”

Yakomeje agira ati: “Urugero, umuntu wahisemo gukoresha gaze aho gukoresha amakara kubera ko yitaye ku kurengera ibidukikije, n’ubwo gaze ihenda akwiye guhabwa ishimwe.”

Senateri Mugisha yanatanze igitekerezo cy’uko nk’uko abantu batumiza imodoka za hybrid cyangwa izikoresha amashanyarazi (EVs) bagira uruhare mu kurengera ibidukikije, byakabaye byiza ko no ku isoko rya karubone bitekerezwaho, ku buryo uwayitumije yagira inyungu aboneraho.

Minisitiri w’Ibidukikije Dr Uwamariya Valentine yavuze ko ibyo byigeze kwitabwaho mu bihe byashize, aho abatumije imodoka za Hybrid na EVs batishyuraga umusoro ku gipimo cya 100%, ndetse hari impinduka zabayeho, nubwo zitarushaho kwiyongera cyane.

Yagize ati: “Twese hamwe tugomba kubanza kumva inyungu rusange, aho buri wese yirinda kureba inyungu ze bwite. Uko abantu bagenda batumiza imodoka za Hybrid na EVs, ni inyungu rusange aho kuba iy’umuntu umwe ku giti cye.”

Ku bijyanye n’ikibazo cyagaragajwe n’abasenateri ku buryo inyungu zivuye mu isoko ya karubone zasaranganywa, REMA yasobanuye ko nko mu gihe muri community hatewe ishyamba rizabungwabungwa mu gihe cy’imyaka 15 kugeza kuri 20, amafaranga azava ku isoko rya karuboni azagabanywa, aho 30% azahabwa abaturage mu gihe 40% yahabwa uwatangije umushinga, na ho 30% agashyikirizwa Leta.

Uko u Rwanda rwinjiye ku isoko rya karubone

Isoko ry’u Rwanda rya Karubone ryatangijwe mu mpera z’umwaka wa 2023, nyuma y’uko rutangiye kwigira ku bihugu byamaze gutera intambwe ku buryo bwo kuribyaza umusaruro.

Igiciro kuri iryo soko, gishingira ku kiguzi cy’ingaruka z’iyo myuka ihumanya ikirere ku buzima n’imibereho by’abaturage, ubushakashatsi bushya bugaragaza ko ingaruka za karubone ku Isi ziyihesha ikiguzi cy’impuzandengo y’amadolari y’Amerika 3 kuri toni.

Mu gihe Isi iteganya kugabanya nibura toni miliyari 80 z’ibyuka bya CO2 bihumanya ikirere bitarenze mu mwaka wa 2050 nk’uko biteganywa mu Masezerano y’i Paris, bivuze ko Isi izaba irengeye miliyari 240 z’amadolari y’Amerika.

U Rwanda rwiyemeje kubaka ubudahangarwa ku mihindagurikire y’ibihe mu nzego umunani z’ingenzi ari zo umutungo kamere w’amazi, ubwikorezi no gutwara abantu, ubucukuzi, amashyamba, imiturire, ubuzima ndetse n’izindi.

Byose bigamije kugabanya nibura toni miliyoni 7.5% z’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere bitarenze mu mwaka wa 2030, ugereranyije n’uko byazaba byifashe nta gikozwe, aho rwazohereza mu kirere toni miliyoni 12.1 z’ibyuka bihumanya ikirere.

Biteganyijwe ko toni miliyoni 3.15 zizagabanywa binyuze muri gahunda na politiki byashyizweho na Guverinoma y’u Rwanda, mu gihe toni miliyoni 4.35 zizagabanywa binyuze mu nkunga z’Umuryango Mpuzamahanga.

Kugira ngo izo ntego zigerweho, u Rwanda rwiyemeje gukusanya miliyari 11 z’amadolari y’Amerika, zirimo miliyari 5.7 z’amadolari y’Amerika zo gukumira ndetse na miliyari 5.3 zo kubaka ubudahangarwa ku mihindagurikire y’ikirere.

Muri iyo ngengo y’imari u Rwanda rwiyemeje gukusanya miliyari 4.1 z’amadolari y’Amerika, mu gihe miliyari 6.9 z’amadolari zitezwe kuva mu Muryango Mpuzamahanga.