Abarenga 500 bapfuye, barabitswe hategerejwe kuba bazazurwa n’ikoranabuhanga ry’ahazaza

Uko ibinyejana bisimburana ni ko ikoranabuhanga rikomeza gutera imbere, abantu bakarushaho gushaka ibisubizo ku bibazo byagiye bibahangayikisha kuva kera, birimo n’urupfu. Kugeza ubu nta buryo buraboneka bushobora gusubiza ubuzima umuntu wapfuye, hari abahitamo ko imibiri yabo ibikwa mu bukonje bukabije, bizeye ko ikoranabuhanga ry’ahazaza rizabasha kubazura.

Ubu buryo buzwi nka Cryonics, aho abarenga 500 babitse nyuma yo gupfa mu bigo byabugenewe hirya no hino ku Isi.

Cryonics ni uburyo bwo kubika umubiri w’umuntu cyangwa ubwonko bwe mu bukonje bukabije nyuma yo gutangazwa ko yapfuye mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko, hagamijwe kurinda uturemangingo tw’umubiri kwangirika cyane, mu gihe hategerejwe ko ubuvuzi bw’ahazaza buzashobora kumusubiza mu buzima.

Igitekerezo cyo kubika abantu bapfuye bizeye kuzazurwa cyamamajwe cyane n’Umunyamerika Robert Ettinger, wari umwarimu w’Ubugenge. Mu 1962, yasohoye igitabo yise “The Prospect of Immortality”, agaragazamo igitekerezo cy’uko abantu bashobora kubikwa mu bukonje bukabije, bakazongera kubaho igihe siyansi izaba imaze gutera imbere.

Ettinger yatekerezaga ko nubwo ubuvuzi bw’icyo gihe butashoboraga gukiza indwara zimwe na zimwe, ikoranabuhanga ry’ahazaza rishobora kuzabasha kuvura izo ndwara no gusana ibice by’umubiri byangiritse, bigatuma umuntu wapfuye agarurwa mu buzima.

Umuntu wa mbere wabitswe muri ubu buryo ni James Hiram Bedford, umwarimu w’imitekerereze n’imikorere y’ubwonko, wo muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika, wapfuye ku wa 12 Mutarama 1967 azize kanseri. Icyo gihe yari afite imyaka 73.

Bedford yari yarasomye igitabo cya Ettinger, yiyemeza ko nyuma y’urupfu rwe umubiri we uzabikwa mu bukonje bukabije, kugira ngo uzazurwe igihe siyansi izaba imaze kuvumbura uburyo bwo gukiza indwara zari zamwishe.

Nyuma yo gutangazwa ko yapfuye, itsinda ry’abaganga n’abandi bari bashinzwe icyo gikorwa batangiye kumukonjesha, nyuma umubiri we ubikwa muri Nitrogen iri mu miterere y’amazi, mu bukonje bwa dogire Selisiyusi -196.

Kugeza ubu, Bedford aracyabarirwa mu bantu babitswe muri ubwo buryo, kandi ni we ufatwa nk’umuntu wa mbere wigeze gukorerwa icyo gikorwa hagamijwe kuzazurwa mu gihe kizaza.

Ibyibanze ngo umuntu abikwe

Kugira ngo umuntu abikwe muri ubu buryo, agomba kubitegura akiri muzima, akiyandikisha mu kigo gitanga izo serivisi, agasinyana na cyo amasezerano agaragaza ubushake bwe, ndetse akanategura uburyo bwo kwishyura.

Iyo apfuye, urupfu rwe rubanza kwemezwa n’abaganga mu buryo bwemewe n’amategeko, hanyuma itsinda ry’ababishinzwe rigatangira kumukonjesha vuba bishoboka kugira ngo rigabanye kwangirika kw’ubwonko n’utundi turemangingo.

Mu kubika umubiri, hakoreshwa imiti yihariye yitwa Cryoprotectants, isimbura amwe mu mazi ari mu mubiri, hagamijwe kugabanya kwangirika kw’uturemangingo guterwa n’ubukonje bukabije cyangwa urubura.

Nyuma y’ibyo, umubiri ukomeza gukonjeshwa kugeza ugeze ku bukonje bwa dogere Selisiyusi -196, ukabikwa mu bikoresho byabugenewe bizwi nka Dewars, birimo Nitrogen iri mu miterere y’amazi.

Ibyo bikoresho bisaba gukurikiranwa no kongererwa Nitrogen kugira ngo ubukonje bukomeze kuba ku rwego rukenewe.

Nubwo bisa n’igitekerezo kiri kure y’ubushobozi bw’abantu benshi, Cryonics imaze kugira ibigo biyitanga, birimo Alcor Life Extension Foundation na Cryonics Institute, biherereye muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe za Amerika.

Imibare bitangaza igaragaza ko Alcor ifite abantu 263 bamaze kubikwa muri ubu buryo, mu gihe Cryonics Institute ivuga ko ifite abarenga 250. Ibyo bigaragaza ko ibyo bigo byombi byonyine bifite abantu nibura 513 babitswe mu bukonje bukabije.

Kubika umuntu muri ubu buryo bisaba amafaranga menshi, bitewe n’ikigo yahisemo n’igice cy’umubiri ashaka ko kibikwa.

Bisaba angahe ngo umubiri w’umuntu ubikwe?

Cryonics Institute itangaza ko kubika umubiri wose bisaba amadolari ya Amerika 28 000 ku banyamuryango bishyuye ifatabuguzi ry’igihe cyose, mu gihe Alcor itangaza ko kubika ubwonko n’umutwe gusa bisaba amadolari ya Amerika 80 000, naho kubika umubiri wose bigasaba amadolari ya Amerika 220 000.

Abantu benshi bakoresha ubwishingizi bw’ubuzima kugira ngo ayo mafaranga azishyurwe nyuma y’urupfu rwabo, aho kuyishyura yose bakiri bazima.

Abahisemo ubu buryo baba bizeye ko ikoranabuhanga rizakomeza gutera imbere, rikazashobora gusana ubwonko n’utundi turemangingo tw’umubiri byangiritse, kuvura indwara zabahitanye ndetse rikongera gusubizaho imikorere y’umubiri.

Bamwe mu bashyigikiye Cryonics bemeza ko icy’ingenzi ari ukubungabunga ubwonko, kuko ari bwo bubitse amakuru ajyanye n’ibyo umuntu yibuka, ibitekerezo bye n’imiterere ye. Bityo, icyifuzo cyabo si ukongera guhumeka gusa, ahubwo ni ukugaruka mu buzima bakiri abantu bari bo mbere.

Icyakora, kugeza ubu nta muntu wari warapfuye, akabikwa muri Cryonics, ngo nyuma azurwe agaruke mu buzima. Nta bushakashatsi buragaragaza ko kubika umubiri w’umuntu wose ku bukonje bwa dogere Selisiyusi -196 bishobora gutuma uzongera gukora nk’uko byari bimeze mbere.

Nubwo siyansi imaze gutera intambwe mu kubika no kongera gukoresha uturemangingo, intanga ngore, intanga ngabo n’ingingo zimwe na zimwe z’ibinyabuzima, gusubiza umuntu wapfuye mu buzima biracyari imbogamizi ikomeye.

Uretse ibyo, hari n’ibindi bibazo bitarabonerwa ibisubizo birimo kumenya niba ibigo bibika abo bantu bizakomeza gukora mu myaka amagana iri imbere, niba bizashobora gukomeza kubungabunga imibiri yabo ndetse n’icyo bizasaba ikoranabuhanga kugira ngo rishobore kubazura.

Cryonics ikomeje kuba imwe mu ngero zigaragaza uko ikiremwamuntu gikomeje kugerageza kwagura imipaka y’ubushobozi bwa siyansi.

Abayihisemo bayifata nk’amahirwe ashobora kuzabaha ubundi buzima, mu gihe ku rundi ruhande nta gihamya kiraboneka ko ibyo byiringiro bizagerwaho. Kugeza ubu, icyizere cyo kuzazuka kiracyari mu biganza by’ikoranabuhanga