U Rwanda rwatumije toni 6 100 z’amavuta y’ibihwagari kuri miliyari 12,4 Frw 

Mu myaka ibiri ishize u Rwanda rwatumije mu mahanga toni zisaga 6 100 z’amavuta y’ibihwagari, yaguzwe amadolari ya Amerika miliyoni 8,41, ni ukuvuga miliyari zisaga 12,4 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda. 

Nkuko byatangajwe muri raporo ya World Integrated Trade Solution (WITS), urubuga rwa Banki y’Isi rukoresha amakuru y’ubucuruzi mpuzamahanga, iyi mibare igarukwaho mu gihe u Rwanda rukomeje kongera umusaruro w’ibihwagari mu Rwanda no gufasha abahinzi kubona amasoko yizewe.

Imibare y’umwaka wa 2024 igaragaza ibyiciro bibiri by’amavuta yatumijwe mu mahanga; icyiciro cya mbere ni amavuta mabisi, ataratunganywa (crude oil) angana na toni 1 440,93 yari afite agaciro ka miliyoni 1,59 z’amadolari ya Amerika.

Icyiciro cya kabiri ni andi mavuta y’ibihwagari, angana na toni 4 658,68, yari afite agaciro ka miliyoni 6,82 z’amadolari ya Amerika.

Ibi byiciro byombi bikubiyemo amavuta akomoka ku bihwagari bisanzwe ariko iyi mibare yonyine ntigaragaza neza ingano y’amavuta y’ibihwagari u Rwanda rukoresha cyangwa rwikorera.

Mu bihugu byatanze amavuta mabisi, Ukraine ni yo yari ku isonga. Yohereje mu Rwanda ibilo 1 152 680 by’amavuta, bifite agaciro ka miliyoni 1,202 z’amadolari ya Amerika.

Hakurikiyeho Uganda yohereje ibilo 192 000 bifite agaciro k’amadolari agera ku 275 740. Austria yo yohereje ibilo 96 170 bifite agaciro k’amadolari agera ku 115 860.

Umusaruro w’ibihwagari ku isi muri rusange

Imibare y’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’Abibumbye ryita ku biribwa n’Ubuhinzi (FAO), yatangajwe na Our World in Data, igaragaza ko mu 2024 u Burusiya bwahingaga toni zigera kuri miliyoni 17,2 z’imbuto z’ibihwagari, mu gihe Ukraine yasaruraga toni zigera kuri miliyoni 11.

Argentina yasaruraga toni zigera kuri miliyoni 3,9, naho u Bushinwa bugasarura toni zigera kuri miliyoni 2,35.

Ku mugabane wa Afurika, umusaruro w’imbuto z’ibihwagari wageraga kuri toni miliyoni 2,51. Tanzania yari iya mbere muri Afurika, ifite umusaruro wa toni zigera kuri miliyoni 1,2, igakurikirwa na Afurika y’Epfo, yasaruraga toni zigera ku 632 000, na Uganda, yasaruraga toni zigera ku 285 000.

Ku Isi, umusaruro ushobora kwiyongera mu 2026/2027

Imibare y’agateganyo y’umusaruro w’ibihwagari ku Isi itanga icyizere. Mu gihembwe cy’ihinga cya 2026–2027, umusaruro uteganyijwe kwiyongeraho 12%, ukagera kuri toni miliyoni 62,06, nyuma y’imyaka ibiri yaranzwe n’umusaruro uri munsi y’ikigereranyo gisanzwe kubera ibihe by’izuba ryinshi n’imvura nke.

Ikigo Oil World cyo giteganya ko mu gihe ikirere cyaba cyifashe neza, umusaruro ushobora kugera ku rwego rwo hejuru rutigeze rubaho, hagati ya toni miliyoni 62 na 63.

Biteganyijwe ko umusaruro wa Ukraine ushobora kuzamuka mu rugero ruciriritse, ariko ugakomeza kuba munsi cyane y’uwasarurwaga mbere y’intambara.

Ibi bifite icyo bivuze ku Rwanda, kuko Ukraine iri mu bihugu ruvanamo amavuta y’ibihwagari. Impinduka mu musaruro w’icyo gihugu zishobora kugira ingaruka ku isoko mpuzamahanga, bityo zikagira n’uruhare ku isoko ry’u Rwanda.

Imishinga yo guteza imbere ubuhinzi bw’ibihwagari mu Rwanda

Nubwo ubuhinzi bw’ibihwagari mu Rwanda butaragera hose ku rugero rushimishije, ibikorwa byo kubuteza imbere birimo kwiyongera kandi biragenda bitunganywa neza.

Umushinga w’ Ibihwagari (Ibihwagari Project), washyizwe mu bikorwa n’Umuryango EUCORD ku nkunga ya Achmea Foundation, watangiye mu 2022 urangira mu 2025.

Muri icyo gihe, abahinzi 6 298 barimo abagore bangana na 51% bahuguwe ku buhinzi bw’ibihwagari, uburyo bwiza bwo guhinga no kwita ku bihingwa, ndetse n’uburyo bwo gusarura, kumisha no kubika umusaruro neza. Abo bahinzi akaba ari abanyamuryango bo muri koperative 32.

Abahinzi bitabiriye uwo mushinga bejeje toni 340,5 z’imbuto z’ibihwagari ku buso bwa hegitari 208. Uruganda rumwe cyangwa izindi nganda ebyiri zitunganya amavuta zahawe uwo musaruro, ziwukuramo litiro 10 215 z’amavuta y’ibihwagari atunganyijwe ku buryo bw’ibanze (virgin oil). Ibyo bihwanye n’umusaruro ugereranyije wa toni 1,6 ku buso bwa hegitari imwe.