Urubyiruko rwatangiye guteza  imbere ubuhinzi rudakoresheje ubutaka

U Rwanda rukomeje guteza imbere ikoranabuhagana mu buhinzi n’ubworozi ndetse runakangurira abantu guhanga udushya muri uru rwego kugira ngo haboneke umusaruro mwiza kandi mwinshi wafasha Abaturarwanda kwihaza mu biribwa bakanasagurira amahanga.

Minisiteri y’Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi (MINAGRI) ivuga ko ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi n’ubworozi ryafasha guhangana n’ikibazo gikomeye gihangayikishije u Rwanda n’isi muri rusange  cy’imihindagurikire y’ibihe. Ni muri urwo rwego urubyiruko rufite ubumenyi mu buhinzi ndetse n’ubworozi rwatangiye gushyira mu bikorwa iyi ntego.

Bamwe batangiye guhanga udushya bifashishije ikoranabuhanga ndetse ntibanabyihererana kuko usanga basangiza ubumenyi abandi bari mu mwuga w’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi. Muri two harimo guhinga hadakoreshejwe ubutaka hakaboneka ibiribwa abantu barya ndetse n’amatungo akabona ibyo arya.

Imvaho Nshya yasuye bamwe muri uru rubyiruko batewe ishema no kwihangira imirimo ari na ko batanga umusanzu mu guhindura ubuhinzi ndetse n’ubworozi (kuko abahanga bavuga ko bidasigana ko kimwe ari nk’umukenyero ikindi kikaba umwitero) bigakorwa kinyamwuga; hagakoreshwa ubuso buto butanga umusaruro mwiza kandi mwinshi.

Muri uru rubyiruko harimo abarangije kaminuza bashinze ikigo YEAN (Youth Engagement in Agriculture Network) barajwe ishinga no guteza imbere uburyo bwo guhinga hadakoreshejwe ubutaka (Hydroponic) bugakwira henshi kuko babonye burimo inyungu. Bakorera ubu buhinzi mu Karere ka Kicukiro.

Umwe muri bo witwa Nshimiyimana Arcade akaba ari n’Umuyobozi wa YEAN, ati: “Twize ubuhinzi tubona dukeneye gutanga umusanzu mu kubuteza imbere, twagerageje gukoresha ubumenyi dufite tukajya duhugura abahinzi,   gutanga ubujyanama, kubaha serivisi zijyanye n’inyongeramusaruro, izijyanye no kubahingira dukoresheje imashini zihinga, tukabubakira Green House (inzu zihingwamo) no gushishikariza abantu guhinga muri buriya buryo bwa Hydroponic aho umuntu ahinga adakoresheje ubutaka”.

Yongeyeho ati: “Bufite inyungu nyinshi, murabizi tugira ubutaka buto ariko iri koranabuhanga ni igisubizo”.

Ni ikoranabuhanga rigizwe n’amatiyo agemura amazi mu bihingwa, agiye ateretsemo udukombe duterwamo  ibihingwa kandi dutoboye kugira ngo  ayo amazi aba yashyizwemo ifumbire bitewe n’igihe igihingwa kigezemo abigereho.  Muri utwo dukombe hashyirwamo n’utubuye tw’amakoro dufata amazi.

Nshimiyimana avuga ko nubwo bugihenze ariko nk’umuhinzi ushaka gukora ubuhinzi agamije isoko bwamufasha; butuma amenya ingero nyazo yifashisha haba ku ifumbire n’ibindi bikenerwa n’igihingwa kandi akamenya urwego kigezeho.

Ati: “Ibintu byose ukora hano birabaze; niba ari amafumbire umenya ayo ukoresha uko angana, niba ari igihe igihingwa kigezemo urabimenya”.

Yakomeje asobanura ko ubu buhinzi bwa “Hydroponic” bukorerwa  mu nzu ya “Green House”. Iyo wabukoresheje aho uhinga haratubuka, ukeza vuba, bumukira n’udukoko twangiza imyaka. Nk’inkeri uzihinze bisanzwe mu butaka hanze zitanga umusaruro mu minsi 90, waba wakoresheje  ubu buryo zitangira kuwutanga hagati y’iminsi 50 na 70.

Ku birebana n’umusaruro yagize ati: “Nk’iyo inzu ifite m8 kuri m24;  ufashe urugero rw’ubuhinzi bw’inkeri hashobora kujyamo iziri hagati ya 1400 na 1800, ariko iyo ukoresheje iri koranabuhanga hashobora kujyamo inkeri 5000 kugera ku 10000. Kwiyongera k’umubare bivuze kwiyongera k’umusaruro iyo Green House itanga”.

Nshimiyimana yongeyeho ko ari uburyo butuma umuhinzi abasha kuzigama amazi akoresha mu buhinzi.

Ati: “Mu buhinzi amazi ni inkingi ya mwamba kandi arahenze n’ameza dufite ni make kandi tugomba kuyasigasira, kuri iri koranabuhanga amazi uyakoresha iminsi, nkatwe tuyakoresha iminsi 3 mbere yo kuyahindura ngo dushyiremo andi”.

Avuga ko mu cyumweru bakoresha hafi litiro ibihumbi 4. Ikigega cya litiro ibihumbi 2 bagikoresha iminsi 3.

Ku bijyanye n’ibihingwa wahinga wifashishije ririya koranabuhanga, yavuze ko imboga zose zishobora guhingwamo.  Waranikoresha uhinga ubwatsi bw’amatungo.

Ati: “Imizi y’ibihingwa ni yo igufasha kumenya niba byahingwa muri iri koranabuhanga, ibihingwa byose dufite by’imboga, bya birungo by’icyayi byahingwamo hano ugendeye ku mizi yabyo ukuntu iteye”.

Umuntu ushaka kugira imboga iwe mu rugo akihaza mu rwego rwo kurwanya imirire mibi na we ngo ashobora guhinga muri buriya buryo.

 Nshimiyimana n’urundi rubyiruko ahagarariye bifuza ko iri koranabuhanga rigera kuri benshi, binyuze mu bufatanye  bw’inzego zitandukanye hakajyaho uburyo bworohereza urubyiruko kurigeraho.

Ariko hari intambwe yatangiye guterwa kuko  binyuze mu bufatanye n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi  (RAB) n’abandi bafatanyabikorwa  nka FARA, ASARECA na  EAFF, ikigo cyabo YEAN cyabonye inkunga yo gutanga serivisi zo guhugura urubyiruko ruzahugura abandi bahinzi kuri ririya koranabuhanga.

 Nshimiyimana Arcade arasaba urubyiruko  kwitabira iyi gahunda. Ati: “Ni ubuhinzi bwiza, bugezweho, bubereye urubyiruko, urubyiruko ruba rukeneye ibintu rwabasha kwifotorezaho[…]!”

Mu guhinga ubwatsi bw’amatungo…

Ubu buhinzi budakenera ubutaka  kandi bunakoreshwa  mu guhinga ubwatsi bw’amatungo (Hydroponic Green Fodder). Ababwitabiriye bavuga ko ari igisubizo ku biryo by’amatungo bidahagije kandi binahenze.

Umwe mu rubyiruko witwa Harerimana Théophile ni umworozi w’ingurube wo mu Karere ka Gicumbi akoresha iri koranabuhanga mu guhinga ubwatsi bw’amatungo. Yanarikozeho ubushakashatsi asoza amasomo y’ Icyiciro cya gatatu cya Kaminuza.

Yasobanuye ko ubwatsi buhingwa hifashishijwe imbuto z’ ibinyampeke; ibigori, soya ingano, amasaka, n’ibindi.

Buhingwa hakoreshejwe amazi yonyine, bugahingwa ipalatini (tray) cyangwa mu kintu cya pulasitiki (nk’injerikani waciyemo kabiri mu buhagarike bwayo). Ukagenda ushyira muri etajeri.

Ati: “Ni ubwatsi buhingwa bukerera iminsi 7, ariko nanone bigaterwa n’amatungo ugaburira. Mu minsi 7 ni ho ugaburira  inka, ihene intama, ubumaze iminsi 5 ubugaburira ingurube, ku munsi wa kane ukagaburira inkoko”.

Harerimana avuga ko uhinga imbuto nziza watoranyije, ukazironga neza ukazinika mu mazi mu masaha 4 kugera kuri  24 bitewe n’ikirere cy’aho uri,  wamara kuzinura ukazihubika cyangwa gutindikira (kuzishyira ahantu zikamera) mu gihe cy’amasaha 48 zikazana umumero.

Uzikuramo ukazitera muri ya palatini cyangwa cya gice cy’injerikani, ukajya wuhira gatatu ku munsi ukoresheje amazi meza nta kindi uvanzemo.

Muri ubu buhinzi na bwo uzigama amazi  kuko ukoresha make kandi  uba ufite aho ajya ukongera ukayuhiza.

Nk’uko yabigarutseho, ubu buryo bwo guhinga ubwatsi bumugabanyiriza ikiguzi yakagombye gutanga mu kugurira ibiryo ingurube ze.

Ati: “Ubasha kuzigama 40% by’ayo wagombaga gutanga. Ibiryo wagaburaga biragabanuka iyo washyizemo ubwatsi, igiciro cy’ibiryo byazo kiragabanuka”.

Yasobanuye ko ikilo kimwe cy’imbuto gitanga ibiro 6 by’ubwatsi. Ahinga ahangana na metero 4 kuri 5 akabasha kugaburira ingurube 60.

Umusaruro uboneka mu gihe cyose cy’umwaka          

Niyireba Remy Titien Umushakashatsi muri RAB ukora mu bijyanye n’imirire n’ubwatsi bw’amatungo kuri Sitasiyo ya Rubona mu Ntara y’Amajyepfo, avuga ko ikoranabuhanga no guhanga udushya mu buhinzi n’ubworozi bizatuma icyizere cyamanutse muri uru rwego kubera ihindagurika ry’ibihe cyongera kuzamuka.

Akaruka by’umwihariko ku guhinga ubwatsi muri buriya  buryo yavuze ko ari bumwe mu bwo bigisha aborozi kugira ngo babashe kubona ubwatsi  bw’amatungo no mu gihe cy’icyi.

 Ati: “Tubashishikariza kubukoresha kuko ubwatsi buboneka mu gihe gito kandi budakoresha ubutaka, bakabuhinga mu nzu nta fumbire kandi bagakoresha ahantu hatoya, bakabona umusaruro kandi bashobora kuwubona mu gihe cyose cy’umwaka”.

Minisitiri w’Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi Dr Mukeshimana Gerardine avuga ko muri ibi bihe hari ibintu bigeregeza kujegeza uburyo bwo kwihaza mu biribwa kw’abatuye isi harimo intambara zigenda zigaragara n’icyorezo cya COVID-19, ariko igikomeye cyane cyari kiriho na mbere ni imihindagurikire y’ibihe. Iki kibazo gihangayikishije isi, kugisohokamo bikaba bisaba kwimaza ikoranabuhanga.

Ati: “Kwimakaza ikoranabuhanga mu kongera umusaruro, mu gukora neza ibyo dukora no kugira ngo n’ibiba byasaruwe bigere ku cyo bigenewe”.

Ashima uburyo abahinzi n’aborozi bakomeje guhanga udushya n’ubwo habayeho ibihe bitoroshye by’icyorezo cya COVID-19.

Mu myaka itanu ishize impuzandengo y’uruhare rw’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi mu musaruro mbube w’Igihugu rugeze kuri 25%, umusaruro w’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi ukaba waragiye wiyongera ku mpuzandengo ya 5%.