U Rwanda rurashaka gucika ku mafi rutumiza mu mahanga

Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yatangaje gahunda yo guharanira kwihaza, u Rwanda rugacika ku mafi rutumiza mu mahanga binyuze mu kongera umusaruro wayo no kubaka uruhererekane rw’ubworozi n’ubucuruzi bihamye kandi bijyanye n’igihe mu Gihugu.

Byagarutsweho kuri uyu wa Gatatu taliki ya 22 Wururwe 2023, ubwo hatangizwaga ku mugaragaro umushinga w’imyaka ine wiswe “Kwihaza” wuzibanda ku guteza imbere ubworozi n’ubucuruzi bw’amafi mu Rwanda ukanagaruka no ku iterambere ry’ubuhinzi bw’imboga, imbuto n’indabo.

Uwo mushinga uzarangira mu 2026 washowemo miliyoni 15.5 z’Amayero, ni ukuvuga miliyari zisaga 18.4 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda, watewe inkunga n’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi ku bufatanye na Guverinoma ya Luxembourg.

Biteganyijwe ko uwo mushinga uzashyirwa mu bikorwa na Minisiteri y’Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi (MINAGRI) ibinyujije mu Kigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe Iterambere ry’Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi (RAB), ifatanyije n’Ikigo cy’Ababiligi gishinzwe Iterambere (Enabel).

Minisitiri w’Ubuhinzi b’Ubworozi Dr. Musafiri Ildephonse, yavuze ko igice kinini cy’inkunga yashyizwe muri uwo mushinga kizibanda ku guteza imbere ubworozi bw’amafi hagamijwe gufasha u Rwanda kwihaza ku buryo rutazakomeza kwishingikiriza ku matoni n’amatoni rutumiza mu mahanga.

Yagize ati: “Niba dufite ubushobozi bwo kurya toni nka 90,000 ku mwaka hanyuma tukabona toni 44,000 ku mwaka, ni ukuvuga ngo andi mafi tuyakura mu mahanga. Ni ukuvuga ngo icyuho kiracyari kinini cy’amafi aturuka hanze.”

Ingano nyinshi y’amafi u Rwanda rutumiza mu mahanga aturuka mu Bushinwa hagakurikiraho ava mu bihugu byo mu Karere, Minisitiri Dr. Musafiri akaba ahamya ko imyaka ine izajya gushira u Rwanda rumaze kubaka ubushobozi bwo kwihaza mu musaruro w’amafi no mu mboga imbuto n’indabo byoherezwa mu mahanga.

Yavuze ko igice kinini kingana na 70% kizashyirwa mu kuzamura umusaruro w’amafi ku buryo azaboneka ku bwinshi kandi akaba ari ku giciro kibereye buri wese ku buryo azagira n’uruhare mu kurwanya imirire mibi n’igwingira mu bana b’u Rwanda.

Ati: “Iyo ushaka kwihaza mu mafi kugira ngo ugabanye icyuho cy’ayo mafi ava muri Uganda, mu Bushinwa n’ahandi, urabona ni ugukora ku nzego zose. Kuva amafi uyoroye kugeza ageze ku isoko, kugeza amafi bayariye ndetse n’abayongerera agaciro. Umushinga rero uzakora ku nzego zose; uzakora mu gufasha abakiri bato kongera ubumenyi mu bworozi bw’amafi.”

Mu birebana no kongera ubumenyi, urubyiruko rw’u Rwanda ruzahugurwa ku buryo borora amafi, uko agaburirwa nbitewe n’uko angana , uko asarurwa, uko abikwa n’ibindi.

Biteganyijwe ko uyu mushinga uzarangira hari ishuri ry’imyuga n’ubumenyi ngiro ryigisha ubworozi bw’amafi by’umwihariko, ariko n’abasanzwe muri ubwo bworozi bazarushaho kongererwa ubumenyi.

Yakomeje agira ati: “Muri uyu mushinga harimo na gahunda zo kugira ngo ibyo bita TVET, ariya mashuri y’ubumenyi ngiro, gushyiraho Porogaramu zigisha ubworozi bw’amafi kugira ngo nibura abantu tubigiremo ubunararibonye, uwo mushinga uzanarangire hari abantu babasha kubikora kuva ku gutanga abana b’amafi kugeza ku mafi akuze hakazamo no kuyagaburira.”

Yakomoje no ku kuba uyu mushinga ugiye gukemura ibibazo by’ibura ry’ibiryo bigaburirwa amafi mu Rwanda, kuko ubundi cyari ikibazo gikomereye aborozi nk’uko byemezwa na Munyangeyo Themistocle umwe mu borozi b’amafi babigize umwuga.

Munyangeyo avuga ko ikilo kimwe cy’ibiryo bigaburirwa abana b’amafi bakigura ku mafaranga y’u Rwanda 2500, ibigaburirwa amafi atangiye gukura kikagura amafaranga 1800 na ho amafi yakuze yo akaba agaburirwa ibiryo bigura amafaranga 1500.

Impamvu ibyo kurya by’amafi n’iby’amatungo atandukanye bikunze kubura ni uko biva mu binyampeke n’ibinyamisogwe ayo matungo aba agomba gusangira n’abantu.

Uyu mushinga rero uje no gukora kuri icyo gice cy’ibiryo by’amafi, no gufasha abantu bashaka kuzana inganda zo gukora ibiryo by’amafi. Ibyo bizajyana no kugura  ibikorwa remezo bigomba gukoreshwa muri ubwo bworozi bw’amafi.

Hazazaho n’igice cyo gufasha imishinga y’aborozi n’abandi bakora mu ruhererekane rwo guteza imbere umusaruro w’amafi, bakabona amafaranga yo kwifashisha mu gutangira ubworozi bw’amafi bw’umwuga.

Ku birebana n’ubuhinzi bw’imboga, imbuto n’indabo, byitezwe ko abari mu ruhererekane rwo gutunganya umusaruro woherezwa mu mahanga bazafashwa kongera umusaruro no kuwubungabunga kuva ukiri mu murima kugeza ugeze ku isoko udahungabanye.

Mu bizafasha muri urwo rugendo, ni ukugura ibyumba bikonjesha (cold chains) ndetse no gutegura uburyo bugezweho bwo gupfunyika umusaruro kugira ngo utangirika. Hari icyizere ko mu myaka ine uyu mushinga uzamara uzaba umaze guhindura byinshi mu bworozi bw’amafi, kubungabunga ibiyaga no kwita ku musaruro woherezwa mu mahanga yaba uw’imboga, imbuto n’indabo.

Ambasaderi w’Umuryango w’Ubumwe bw’u Burayi (EU) mu Rwanda Belén Calvo Uyarra, na we yongeyeho ko umushinga Kwihaza ugendanye na gahunda Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yashyizemo imbaraga nyinshi.

Ati: “Uyu mushinga uzubaka ubushobozi bw’amatsinda mato, imishinga mito n’iciriritse, za koperative ndetse na ba rwiyemezamirimo b’urubyiruko barangamiye kubyaza umusaruro uruhererekane rw’ubworozi bw’amafi, uburobyi n’ubuhinzi bw’imboga n’imbuto, hagamije kongera no kunoza umusaruro, kugabanya ibihombo biza nyuma yo gusarura no kubafasha kugeza umusaruro wabo ku masoko yo mu gihugu n’ayo hanze.”

Yongeyeho ko uretse kuba uyu mushinga uzafasha ba rwiyemezamirimo, uzagira n’uruhare rukomeye muri gahunda yo guhanga imirimo no kubaka uruhererekane rw’ibiribwa rurushijeho gukomera.