Ikoranabuhanga muri Polisi y’u Rwanda nyuma y’imyaka 25

Isi ya none irimo kwihuta mu iterambere ku buryo hari n’abavuga ko abayituye begeranye nk’abatuye mu mudugudu umwe, bitewe n’uko nta we ugikenera uri mu mahanga ya kure ngo bifate igihe kinini kubera ikoranabuhanga ryabyoroheje.

Nk’uko umubyeyi abyara umwana akanezezwa no kumubona akura mu bwenge no mu gihagararo, ni nako Polisi y’u Rwanda nayo ikomeje guteza imbere amashami yayo.

Uru rwego rumaze imyaka 25 rushinzwe, rwabonye izuba tariki ya 16 Kamena 2000, rukomeza kugenda rwiyubaka mu buryo butandukanye hagamijwe kunoza umutekano mu baturarwada ndetse no kubagezaho serivisi inoze kandi yihuse.

Polisi y’u Rwanda yubakiye ku nkingi 3 arizo: Serivisi, kurinda abaturarwanda n’ibyabo no gukora akazi mu bunyangamugayo, yashinzwe nyuma y’imyaka 6 gusa u Rwanda ruvuye mu mahano ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi mu 1994. Igihugu nibwo cyari gitangiye inzira yo kwiyubaka gihereye kuri zero, aho urwego rw’ikoranabuhanga rwari hasi cyane ku buryo serivisi z’umutekano n’izindi zose icyo gihe zatangwaga mu buryo umuntu yakwita uburyo bwa Gakondo. 

Serivisi zo gukora ibizamini byo gutwara ibinyabiziga n’izo gucunga umutekano wo mu muhanda mu kurwanya impanuka zikunda kuwuberamo ni zimwe muri serivisi zatangwaga mu buryo bwa gakondo tuza kwibandaho.

Mu gucunga umutekano w’abantu n’ibyabo, Polisi y’u Rwanda yagize urugendo rukomeye kandi n’ubu rugikomeje. U Rwanda ruri ku rwego rwiza mu mutekano nk’uko bikunze kugaragazwa na raporo zitandukanye z’imiryango mpuzamahanga ndetse n’ubuhamya bw’Abaturarwanda ubwabo. 

Nk’uko bitangazwa n’Ikigo cy’igihugu gishinzwe kurwanya ibyaha by’ikoranabuhanga; muri raporo y’umwaka ushize ku rutonde rw’ibipimo ngenderwaho by’ikoranabuhanga ku isi, Umuryango mpuzamahanga w’itumanaho (ITU) washyize u Rwanda mu cyiciro cya mbere cy’ibihugu bihagaze neza mu bijyanye n’umutekano w’ikoranabuhanga ku isi, n’amanota ari hagati ya 95-100%.

Umuyobozi w’ishami rya Polisi rishinzwe ikoranabuhanga n’itumanaho (IT) Assistant Commissioner of Police (ACP) Oscar Sakindi, agaragaza ko mu myaka 25 ishize, Polisi y’u Rwanda yakoze ibishoboka byose kugira ngo umutekano w’abaturarwanda ube ari nta makemwa hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga.

ACP Sakindi yagize ati:  ” Kubera ko Polisi itaragera ku rwego rwo kugira umupolisi ahantu hose, kuri ubu nko mu Mujyi wa Kigali no mu tundi duce tw’Igihugu twifashisha uburyo bwa za Camera n’indege zitagira abapilote (Drones). Iri koranabuhanga ridufasha gukumira no gukurikirana ibikorwa by’abakekwaho ibyaha no kubona ibimenyetso cyane cyane ahantu haba hagoye kugera.”

Akomeza avuga ko uko isi itera imbere mu ikoranabuhanga ari nako abakora ibyaha babikora bifashishije iryo koranabuhanga. Polisi y’u Rwanda nayo ikora uko ishoboye kose kugira ngo iburizemo ibyo byaha ndetse n’ abagerageje kubikora bafatwe.

Ati: “Ubu dufite umuyoboro w’ikoranabuhanga wagejejwe mu bice byinshi by’Igihugu, aho Polisi ikorera. Hakozwe sisiteme (Systems) zitandukanye zifashishwa mu gutanga serivisi mu baturage nko ku bashaka gukorera impushya zo gutwara ibinyabiziga cyangwa muri serivizi zo mu mutekano wo mu muhanda.” 

ACP Oscar Sakindi avuga ko Polisi y’u Rwanda ifite ishami rishinzwe gukumira no kurinda ibyaha bikorerwa kuri murandasi (Internet). Mu byo iri shami rikora harimo kugenzura imbuga zishobora gukoreshwa mu bikorwa bibi ndetse bigize icyaha. Hanashyizweho ingamba zo kurwanya ibyaha bikorwa hakoreshejwe ikoranabuhanga (Cyber-attacks).  

Umuyobozi w’ishami rya Polisi rishinzwe ikoranabuhanga n’itumanaho avuga ko mu rwego rwo gukomeza guteza imbere ikoranabuhanga mu gucunga umutekano mu buryo burambye; kuri ubu mu Ishuri rikuru rya Polisi y’u Rwanda (NPC) riherereye mu Karere ka Musanze, mu masomo ahatangirwa hongewemo ishami ryigisha ikoranabuhanga no kurwanya ibyaha bikorerwa kuri murandasi, hashyirwaho na gahunda yo guhugura abapolisi ku mikoreshereze y’ikoranbuhanga. 

Polisi y’u Rwanda kandi itanga amahugurwa ku byaha bikorwa mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga n’uburyo bw’ubwirinzi (Cyber-crimes awareness and security). Aya mahugurwa ahabwa abapolisi ndetse n’abakozi b’izindi nzego za Leta. Hanubatswe ubwirinzi mu kurinda amakuru hifashishijwe ibikoresho by’ikoranabuhanga.

Usibye gahunda yo gucunga umutekano rusange w’abaturage, Polisi y’u Rwanda igeze ahashimishije mu guha abaturage serivise hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga. Twavuga nk’ishami rishinzwe ibizamini no gutanga impushya zo gutwara ibinyabiziga.

Umuyobozi w’ishami rya Polisi rishinzwe ibizamini no gutanga impushya zo gutwara ibinyabiziga, Assistant Commissioner of Police (ACP) Dr. Steven Rukumba avuga ko mbere y’uko Polisi itangiza uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga mu gukoresha ibizamini no gutanga impushya zo gutwara ibinyabiziga wasangaga bitwara igihe kinini kugira ngo umuturage azabone uruhushya rwe.

Yagize ati: ”Kera umuntu yajyaga kwishyura ku kigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe imisoro n’amahoro (RRA), akazazana inyemezabwishyu kuri Polisi. Mu gukoresha ibizamini by’uruhushya rw’agateganyo byadusabaga kuzenguruka mu Ntara zose z’Igihugu dukoresha ibizamini ku mpapuro, tukazanagira igihe cyo kubikosora. Uwatsinze yahabwaga uruhushya rw’agateganyo rw’urupapuro, nabyo byagiraga ingaruka zabyo kuko hari n’igihe rwatakaraga kandi byose byadutwaraga iminsi itari munsi ya 21 kugira ngo umuturage abone uruhushya yatsindiye.”

ACP Dr. Rukumba avuga ikoranabuhanga ritakemuye byinshi muri serivisi z’ibizamini no gutanga impushya zo gutwara ibinyabiziga gusa ndetse ko ubu Polisi y’u Rwanda igeze ku rwego rwo gukoresha ibizamini byo kubona uruhushya rwa burundu rwo gutwara ibinyabiziga mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga.

Umukandida ajya ku ipikipiki cyangwa mu modoka agakora nta mupolisi bari kumwe. Ni ibazamini ubu bikorerwa mu kigo cya Busanza giherereye mu Karere ka Kicukiro, mu isaha imwe gusa umukandida akaba arangije ikizamini mu gihe uwakoreye ikizamini ahasanzwe bimufata hagati y’amasaha ane n’atandatu kugira ngo abe arangije gukora ibizamini byose. 

ACP Dr. Rukumba avuga ko uburyo bw’ikoranabuhanga muri serivisi zo gukoresha ibizamini byo gutwara ibinyabiziga bworohereje Polisi y’u Rwanda akazi ku gipimo cya 90%, mu gihe abaturage bo byaborohereje ku gipimo cya 99%.

Kugeza ubu mu gihugu hose hari santire 17 zikorerwaho ibizamini byo kubona uruhushya rw’agateganyo, aho abaza gukorera uruhushya rw’agateganyo buri munsi barenga ibihumbi bitatu.

Abaturage basaba izo serivisi nabo, bose icyo bahurizaho ni uko ikoranabuhanga ubu ribafasha gukoresha igihe neza, kwihutisha serivisi kandi zitanzwe mu mucyo. Ibi bikaba bitandukanye no mu myaka yo hambere.

Karamaga Jean Paul, ni umuturage twasanze ku kicaro cy’ishami rya Polisi rishinzwe gukoresha ibizamini no gutanga impushya z’ibinyabiziga yaje gushaka nserivisi muri iri shami riherereye mu Karere ka Kicukiro ahazwi nko mu Busanza. Karamaga avuga ko ikoranabuhanga Polisi isigaye ikoresha ryaje rikenewe.

Ati:” Ndibuka mukuru wanjye ajya gukorera uruhushya rw’agateganyo, byamutwaye iminsi myinshi kugira ngo arubone. Aho aruboneye nabwo rwari urupapuro, ndibuka ko icyo gihe yarumeseye mu myenda. Muri iki gihe cy’ikoranabuhanga njyewe nagiye kuri serivisi za ‘Irembo’ ndeba ahari serivisi za Polisi, nahisemo ubwoko bw’uruhushya nshaka gukorera, mpitamo itariki n’ahantu nashakaga kuzakorera ikizamini. Nahise nishyura amafranga yo kuzakorera uruhushya rw’agateganyo ndataha ntegereza itariki nahisemo.”

Karamaga yakomeje avuga ukuntu yashimishijwe na serivisi yasanze kuri site y’ikizamini mu Busanza; aho ukorera ikizamini kuri mudasobwa ariko na mbere y’uko winjira mu cyumba cy’ikizamini hari ibindi babanza kugenzura ku mukandinda birimo ibyangombwa bye kandi byose bikorwa mu buryo bw’ikoranabuhanga, ugataha umenye ko watsinze cyangwa watsinzwe.

Avuga ko gukora ikizamini nta minota 20 byamutwaye kandi ko yahagurutse amenye ko yatsinze akaza guhita anishyura urwo ruhushya, akarubona akoreshejei telefoni ye. “Urumva ko ikoranabuhanga ryihutishije serivisi.”

Ikoranabuhanga muri serivisi zijyanye n’umutekano wo mu muhanda

Ishami rishinzwe umutekano wo mu muhanda naryo ntiryasigaye inyuma mu ikoranabuhanga mu mitangire ya serivisi. Umuyobozi w’iri shami, Assistant Commissioner of Police (ACP) Gerald Mpayimana avuga ko muri iyi myaka 25 ishize, Polisi yakomeje kwiyubaka iteza imbere imitangire ya serivisi hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga.

Yagize ati:” Mu bijyanye no gukumira impanuka mujya mubona za Camera zo ku mihanda zituma abashoferi bagendera ku muvuduko wagenwe kugira ngo badacibwa amande hashingiwe ku makuru atanzwe na camera. Abakoze amakosa nabo tubahana hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga, gufatira ibinyabiziga byakoreshejwe amakosa no kubiteza cyamunara, ubugenzacyaha ku mpanuka zo mu muhanda n’abasaba kurenganurwa batanyuzwe n’amande bandikiwe ku binyabiziga byabo; ibi byose hifashishwa ikoranabuhanga.”

Akomeza avuga ko serivisi z’ishami rya Polisi rishinzwe umutekano wo mu muhanda zitangwa hifashishijwe ikoranabuhanga ziri ku gipimo cya 85% mu gihe mu myaka yo hambere iri shami ryifashishaga uburyo bwa gakondo mu kwandika imyirondoro y’umuturage mu bitabo, guhana hakoreshejwe kitansi ndetse no kwishyuza abakoze amakosa hakoreshejwe uburyo butarimo ikoranabuhanga. 

ACP Mpayimana agaragaza ko n’ubwo urugendo rukiri rurerure, hari byinshi bikirimo gutegurwa hagamijwe kurushaho gutanga serivisi nziza; abaturage banyuzwe na serivisi bahabwa, kuko ikoranabuhanga ribarinda gukora ingendo ndende bagana ku biro by’iri shami kandi ko na za Camera abapolisi bari mu kazi baba bambaye zagize uruhare runini mu kurwanya ruswa yakundaga kuvugwa mu bapolisi.

Amafoto: RNP