Ifaranga koranabuhanga (CBDC) rizakora nk’andi mafaranga- BNR

Banki Nkuru y’u Rwanda (BNR) yamaze abaturarwanda impungenge, ibizeza ko ifaranga koranabuhanga rikiri mu nyigo iteganya gutanga (Central Bank Digital Currency/CBDC), rizaba rishobora gukoreshwa nk’andi mafaranga afatika.  

Itandukaniro ry’iryo faranga rya CBDC n’andi mafaranga koranabuhanga azwi nka “cryptocurrency” ni uko ryo rizaba rigengwa na BNR kandi agaciro karyo kadahindagurika nk’uko bigenda ku yandi atagenzurwa na Banki z’Ibihugu.

Mu kiganiro cyatambutse kuri RBA kuri iki Cyumweru, umwe mu bakozi ba BNR Mugiraneza Serge, yagize ati: “CBDC ni ifaranga ryubakiye ku ikoranabuhanga ariko ritangwa na Banki Nkuru y’Igihugu. Ni ukuvuga ngo riragengwa, agaciro karyo n’uburyo rikoreshwa, bitandukanye na ‘cryptocurrency’ itagenzurwa na banki nkuru. Agaciro k’andi mafaranga yo ku ikoranabuhanga karahindagurika, ikindi kandi mu bihugu bimwe na bimwe ntabwo yemewe gukoreshwa.”

Yakomeje ashimangira ko ifaranga koranabuhanga rizashyirwaho na BNR rizaba ryuzuzanya n’asanzwe akoreshwa mu Gihugu kugira ngo rikemure ibibazo bimwe na bimwe byari biri mu rwego rw’imari ariko rihuza neza na Politiki y’ubukungu mu Rwanda.

Bivugwa kandi ko iryo faranga koranabuhanga rizaba ryujuje ibisabwa byose kugira ngo ryitwe ifaranga ry’Igihugu ryemewe mu kwishyura no kugura serivisi, kandi rikaba rishobora gukoreshwa n’uwo ari we wese.

Cyuzuzo Ingrid, Umuyobozi ushinzwe iterambere ry’imari n’udushya muri BNR, yavuze ko bakomeje kureba ibishoboka byose kugira ngo iri faranga koranabuhanga rizabe ryujuje ibisabwa byose haba mu buryo bwa tekiniki, ubw’amategeko, umutekano waryo n’ibindi.

Kuri ubu harimo gukorwa inyigo igamije gukuraho imbogamizi yose yatuma uyu mushinga udashoboka kandi witezweho kugirira akamaro abantu bose.

Ati: “Inyigo turimo turakora ntabwo turi kureba ku ikoranabuhanga gusa cyangwa ngo iri faranga mu bigaragara byakunda, ariko hari n’ibindi bisabwa kugira ngo umuntu abe yakora umushinga nk’uyu w’ifaranga rizakoreshwa n’abantu bose.”

Ubuyobozi bwa BNR buhamya ko ubwo buryo butazaza gusimbura ubwari busanzwe bukoresha mu ikoranabuhanga nka Mobile Money, gukoresha amakarita no gukoresha internet, ahubwo rizaba rizanye inyungu zitari zisanzwe.

Ati: “Kubasha kwishyurana ahantu hatari internet, ndetse n’ubundi nk’uko uyu munsi twishyuranaga inoti ku noti, uyu munsi iryo faranga rifite ubushobozi bwo kuduha izo nyungu.”

Biteganywa ko mu kwezi k’Ukwakira 2025 ingingo zose zirebwa n’iryo koranabuhanga zizaba zarebweho kugira ngo ibyuho byagaragaramo bikemurwe mbere yo kurimurikira Abanyarwanda.  

Ku wa 01 Kanama 2025, ni bwo Ubuyobozi bwa BNR bwatangaje ko uyu mushinga wo gutangira gukoresha ifaranga koranabuhanga wageze mu kindi cyiciro cyo kurigerageza ku kigero gito no kwakira ibitekerezo by’abari mu rwego rw’imari.  

Byitezwe ko iryo faranga rizajya rihererekanywa kuri telefoni binyuze muri application, gukanda akanyenyeri (USSD), ndetse hakabaho n’ikarita umuntu yakoresha n’ahatari ihuzanzira rya internet.