Ibisazi biba he mu mubiri?- Isomo ry’ubuvanganzo ku biga ubuvuzi mu Rwanda

Abanyeshuri biga ubuvuzi muri Kaminuza Mpuzamahanga y’ubuvuzi n’Ubuzima kuri bose (University of Global Health Equity/UGHE), barushijeho gusobanukirwa byimbitse uko bahuza siyansi n’imibereho ndetse n’imyitwarire y’abantu muri sosiyete nyuma yo guhugurwa na Ramie Targoff, umwarimu wigisha iyigandimi n’ubuvanganzo muri Kaminuza ya Brandeis akaba n’umuhanga mu myitwarire ya muntu.

Ramie Targoff yahuguye abo banyeshuri ku bijyanye n’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe yifashishije igitabo cyitwa Macbeth cyanditswe na William Shakespeare kigaragaza ingorane abafite ibibazo bijyanye n’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe bahura na byo muri sosiyete yizera ibijyanye n’ubupfumu no kuraguza.

Abanyeshuri biga muri UGHE bagize ayo mahirwe yo guhura na Prof. Ramie Targoff mu gihe cy’Umuhindo cy’umwaka ushize, aho yaje gutanga amasomo yihariye ku buvanganzo n’ubumenyamuntu yiyongera ku y’ubuvuzi biga.  

Prof. Targoff yagize ati: “Kaminuza ya UGHE irashaka ko buri munyeshuri agira ubumenyi bwo kwandika no gutumanaho bimugeza ku ntsinzi. Mu by’ukuri ibyo bizababera umusingi wo gukomeza urugendo rubageza ku nzozi zabo.”

Prof Targoff wigisha amasomo y’ubuvanganzo bwo mu Kinyejana cy’ubumenyi n’ubucurabwenge cya 16 muri Kaminuza ya Brandeis, ni we wateguriwe guhugura abanyeshuri bo mu Rwanda muri uyu mwaka wa 2022 no mu mwaka utaha.

Yatangiye atanga amasomo akoresheje ikoranabuhanga birangira aje guhura n’abanyeshuri be imbonankubone mu mezi make ashize.

Uruzinduko rwe rwari rugamije guha abanyeshuri yigisha mu Rwanda amahirwe yuzuye yo kubyaza umusaruro ubushake bwabo bwo kwihugura ku bumenyi buri hanze y’ibyo bahisemo kwiga, kimwe n’abo muri Kaminuza ya Brandeis.

Mu kiganiro yagiranye n’abo banyeshuri, yagize ati: “Ahantu henshi ku Isi, muhitamo urwego rw’ubumenyi mushaka kwiga ibyo bikaba birahagije. Birangira mubaye abahanga mu bwubatsi, ba dogiteri n’ibindi. Muri Leta Zunze Ubumwe z’Amerika, by’umwihariko muri Kaminuza ya Brandeis, dufite uburyo bwo kwigisha butandukanye. Twemerera abanyeshuri kwihugura no mu yandi masomo, bagakurikirana amashyushyu yabo yo kumenya.”

Ubwo yatangiraga gutegura isomo, Prof Targoff yibanze ku buvanganzo bwa Shakespeare, ariko asaba abanyeshuri kwihitiramo icyo bifuza gusoma maze bahitamo Macbeth. Yahise atumiza kopi 50 mu isomero rya Folger ryitiriwe Shakespeare riherereye i Washington DC.

Abo banyeshuri bishimiye kwakira izo kopi, maze Prof Targoff atungurwa no gusanga abo banyeshuri bashishikariye gusoma no gusesengura ibikubiye muri icyo gitabo kigaruka ku mibanire y’abantu muri sosiyete, ubupfumu n’uburwayi bwo mu mutwe.

Prof. Targoff yakomeje agira ati: “Nabonye abakobwa batandatu bicaye mu gacaca basoma Macbeth. Byari bishimishije cyane kubona uburyo banejejwe no kuganira ku nyandiko ya Shakespeare.”

Mu biganiro yagiranye n’abanyeshuri kuri iyo nyandiko ya Shakespeare ni ho Targoff yatangiye kubona inkuru ya Macbeth mu yindi shusho nyuma yo gusesengura byimbitse ibikubiye mu mukino wanditswe.

Yasanze abanyeshuri baribanze cyane ku kibazo cy’abapfumu no ku birebana n’ubuzima bwo mu mutwe, cyane ko bifite aho bihuriye n’ukuri kw’amateka n’ibibera muri sosiyete nyarwanda.

Ati: “Abanyeshuri basobanuye ko mu bice by’icyaro cy’u Rwanda, hari abaturage benshi bacyiringira abavuzi gakondo, bityo hakaba bikiri imbogamizi ku baganga ba kizungu kubagezaho ubuvuzi bwa kijyambere. Abanyeshuri bashimishijwe no kuganira ku bavuzi gakondo bashingiye ku bubasha abapfumu bari bafite mu nkuru ya Macbeth. Bagaragaje amatsiko yo gusobanukirwa uburyo abapfumu bashobora gutanga umusaruro mwiza cyangwa mubi.”

Abanyeshuri kandi banaganiriye ku bibazo bya General Macbeth uvugwa mu nkuru ko yari afite ikibazo cy’uburwayi bwo mu mutwe. Muri iyo nkuru, bigaragara ko umuganga yagiye kumusura ariko bikamugora kumusuzuma no kumuvura kubera ko atigeze abona indwara iyo ari yo yose mu mubiri we.

Nyamara ku rundi ruhande, abapfumu bari babwiye Macbeth ko azaba umwami wa Scotland, bityo umugore we amugira inama yo guhitana umwami ari na byo byamugejeje kuri iyo ntebe ya cyami. Ntibyarangiriye aho kuko ikibazo cyo mu mutwe cyamuteye kwica abandi bantu benshi.

Prof. Tergoff ati: “Mu gihe cy’ikinyejana cy’ubucurabwenge nta bahanga mu by’ubuvuzi bw’indwara zo mu mutwe bari bahari. Laboratwari ziga ku buzima bw’umuntu ni bwo zari zigitangira. Ikibazo cyari iki, “Ese ubundi ibisazi biba bwicaye hehe mu mubiri? Ibi ni ibiganiro nzageza no ku banyeshuri ba Brandeis ubutaha ubwo nzaba nigisha kuri iyi nkuru.”

Prof Targoff azakomeza no kwigisha poromosiyo ya 2023 muri UGHE yifashishije ibitabo bya Shakespeare, ndetse aranateganya gutangiza ihuriro ry’abasomyi rihuriyemo abanyeshuri bo muri Kaminuza ya UGHE n’iya Brandeis.

Yizera adashidikanya ko abanyeshuri yigisha mu Rwanda no muri Amerika bazarushaho kubona agaciro ko guhuza amasomo y’ubumenyi rusange na siyansi, agira ati: “Abanyeshuri bo mu Rwanda bazaba muri bamwe bazayobora urwego rw’ubuvuzi mu Isi yacu y’ahazaza. Bizaba ari impano ikomeye mu gihe bazafasha guhuza imibereho ya muntu n’ubumenyi bunguka mu bya siyansi.”