TI-Rwanda irasaba inzego zishinzwe kurwanya ruswa gukaza ingamba

Umuryango ‘Transparency International Rwanda’ (TI-Rwanda) urasaba inzego zifite aho zihurira no kurwanya ruswa mu Rwanda gukaza ingamba zirimo kongera ubushobozi bwazo n’ubw’abakozi hagamijwe kurwanya iki cyorezo gihungabanya imibereho y’abaturage n’ubukungu bw’Igihugu.

Uwo ni umwe mu myanzuro yatangajwe mu Bushakashatsi bwakozwe kuri ruswa ntoya mu Rwanda (Rwanda Bribery Index/RBI 2021) bukaba bwaratangajwe ku nshuro ya 12 mu cyumweru gishize, taliki ya 14 Ukuboza 2021.

Ubuyobozi bwa TI-Rwanda bwagaragaje ko abahuye na ruswa mu buryo buziguye cyangwa butaziguye mu Rwanda mu mwaka wa 2021 bageze kuri 23%, bavuye kuri 19% mu mwaka wa 2019 n’uwa 2020. Muri abo bahuye na ruswa, abayitanze bangana na 2.3% bakaba bari bavuye kuri 2.50% mu mwaka wa 2020 na 2% mu 2019.

Umuyobozi Mukuru wa TI-Rwanda Ingabire Marie Immaculée, yagaragaje ko ukurikije ubushake bwa Politiki buriho hamwe n’amategeko asobanutse yashyiriweho gukumira no guhana icyaha cya ruswa, Guverinoma y’u Rwanda yakoze byinshi mu kurwanya ruswa no gukumira abishora mu bikorwa bya ruswa.

Yagize ati: “Ariko, turacyafite urugendo rurerure. Ntidukwiye kwishimira cyangwa kwigereranya n’ibindi bihugu bidindira. Abashinzwe kurwanya ruswa n’abafatanyabikorwa bose bireba basabwa kuvugurura ibyo biyemeje no gufatanya muri urwo rugamba.”

Yavuze ko TI-Rwanda ikora ubushakashatsi kuri ruswa ntoya mu rwego rwo gutanga umusanzu wo kugera ku ntego ya 16.5 y’Intego z’Iterambere Rirambye (SDG’s 16.5) igamije kugabanya ku buryo bufatika ruswa n’ibisa na yo byose.

Muri rusange ubwo bushakashatsi bwa 2021 (RBI 2021) bwakozwe ku baturage 2,420 barimo 55.9% binjiza amafaranga y’u Rwanda ari munsi ya 31,000. Muri bo abagabo bari 53.55% mu gihe 46.45% abagore.

Abagera kuri 66.53% babajijwe batuye mu cyaro, mu gihe 33.47% ari abanyamujyi, bose bakaba barimo 41.4% barangije amashuri abanza, 34.59% bize ayisumbuye, 10% bize kaminuza, 7.36% bize imyuga n’ubumenyi ngiro mu gihe 6.65% batigeze bagera mu ishuri.

Mu babajijwe harimo abakorera mu nzego z’abikorera bangana na 16.61%, abikorera cyangwa bakora mu bucuruzi bw’umuryango bangana na 50.04%, abadafite akazi 9.88%, abacuruzi bangana na 14.55%, abanyeshuri 1.32%, abakozi ba Leta 3.1%, abakozi bo mu miryango itegamiye kuri Leta 2.64% n’abari mu kiruhuko cy’izabukuru bangana na 1.86%.

Ubwo bushakashatsi bwagaragaje ko Abanyarwanda babona ko ikigereranyo cya ruswa kiri hasi bageze kuri 50%, bavuye kuri 52.8% babonetse mu 2020 na 61.9% by’ababajijwe mu 2019. Ni mu gihe abavuga ko ruswa iri mu gihugu ivuza ubuhuha bageze kuri 17.40% bavuye kuri 20.5% babivugaga mu 2020, na 13.3% bo mu 2019.

Leta y’u Rwanda yashyize imbaraga zifatika mu kurwanya ruswa nk’uko byashimangiwe n’abagiye babazwa batigeze bajya munsi ya 70% mu bushakashatsi bwabanje, bemeza ko Guverinoma y’u Rwanda idahwema gushimangira ko ruswa itazigera yihanganirwa.

Gusa, Abanyarwanda bashima imbaraga zashyizwe mu kurwanya ruswa bagabanyutseho 10% mu myaka itatu ishize, aho bavuye ku kigero cya 81.9% mu 2019 bakagera kuri 75.9% mu 2020 no kuri 71.9% mu 2021.

Muri ubu bushakashatsi bw’umwaka wa 2021, hagaragajwemo ko ibyo byatewe n’uko ingufu zirimo n’iz’ubuyobozi bukuru bw’Igihugu zongerewe mu kurwanya icyorezo cya COVID-19.

Urwego rw’Abikorera no muri Polisi y’u Rwanda hongeye kugaragara ruswa nyinshi

Ubushakashatsi bwa 2021 kuri ruswa ntoya mu Rwanda bwagaragaje ko Urwego rw’Abikorera n’Ishami rya Polisi y’u Rwanda byongeye kuyobora izindi nzego mu Gihugu mu kurangwamo ruswa nyinshi nk’uko byari binameze mu mwaka ushize wa 2020.

Urwego rw’Abikorera ruza ku mwanya wa mbere mu zamunzwe na ruswa aho ibyago byo guhura na ruswa biri ku gipimo cya 20.4% bivuye kuri 12.95%  byabarwaga mu mwaka ushize wa 2020. Igipimo cy’abahuye na ruswa bakayitanga na cyo cyageze ku 9.8% kivuye kuri 7% mu 2020 na 4.2% mu 2019.

Umuyobozi Mukuru wa TI-Rwanda Ingabire Marie Immaculée, yavuze ko ibi bipimo biteye inkeke kuko uko bigaragara ruswa mu Rwego rw’Abikorera ikomeje kwiyongera.

Yagize ati: “Biteye impungenge cyane ndetse birenze uko umuntu abikeka, kuko ubundi Igihugu cyose gitezwa imbere n’Urwego rw’Abikorera.  Ntabwo ushobora kubona umwanya w’ubusekirite nta kantu utanze kandi bahembwa make. Ibyo ni nko kumusonga kandi mu bikorera se ubarega hehe? Leta ikwiye kugira icyo ibikoraho kuko bakorera mu Gihugu kandi bakorera Abanyarwanda.”

Ishami rya Polisi y’Igihugu rishinzwe umutekano wo mu muhanda ni ryo riza ku mwanya wa kabiri nk’uko byari bimeze mu mwaka washize, aho ibyago byo guhura na ruswa byiyongereye bikava kuri 12.97% bikagera kuri 15.2%.

Ku rundi ruhande, ubuyobozi bwa TI-Rwanda burashimira byimazeyo Urwego rw’Igihugu rw’Ubugenzacyaha (RIB) rwagaragaje impinduka zikomeye mu guhangana na ruswa mu myaka itatu ishize, aho ibyago byo guhura na ruswa byavuye ku kigero cya 8.5% mu 2019, kuri 7.6% mu 2020 bikagera kuri 3.0% mu 2021.

Ahandi hantu higanje ruswa ni mu Nzego z’Ibanze aho ibyago byo guhura na ruswa byavuye ku kigero cya 5.5% mu 2019, bikagera kuri 6.9% muri 2020 no ku 10.1% mu 2021.

Hakurikiraho Minisiteri y’Uburezi n’ibigo biyishamikiyeho aho ibyago byo guhura na ruswa byavuye kuri 3.6% mu 2020 bikagera kuri 7.4% mu gihe mu mashuri yisumbuye byavuye kuri 1.8% bikagera ku 8.2%.

Ku birebana na serivisi zamunzwe na ruswa kurusha izindi, kubona akazi mu bikorera ari byo biza ku isonga kuko hafi 70% y’abatanga ruswa muri uru rwego ari abashaka akazi ndetse n’ibyago byo kuba umuntu yakwaka cyangwa yakwakira ruswa bikaba biri ku kigero cya 28%.

Serivisi iza ku mwanya wa kabiri mu zamunzwe na ruswa ni ijyanye n’ibyangombwa byo kubaka, kuko abagera kuri 61% bya 4% batanga ruswa mu Nzego z’ibanze ari abakeneye ibyangombwa byo kubaka. Ibyago byo kwaka cyangwa gutanga ruswa muri izi serivisi biri ku kigereranyo cya 21%.

Indi serivisi izamo ruswa nyinshi ni ijyanye no kubahiriza amabwiriza yo kwirinda COVID-19 itangwa n’abapolisi babarizwa mu ishami rya Polisi rishinzwe umutekano wo mu muhanda, aho ibyago byo gutanga cyangwa kwakira ruswa biri ku kigero cya 20.2%.

Hakurikiraho serivisi yo guhindura ibigo ku banyeshuri batanyuzwe n’aho bagiye boherezwa, ndetse no guhatanira akazi mu mashuri yisumbuye nka serivisi zitangwa na Minisiteri y’Uburezi n’ibigo biyishamikiyeho.

Imibare y’ikigereranyo ngano ya ruswa nto yishyuwe mu mwaka wa 2021 ishimanigira ko muri uwo mwaka yagabanyutse ikagera ku mafaranga y’u Rwanda 14,126,000 ivuye ku mafaranga 19,213,188 yishyuwe mu mwaka wa 2019. Impuzandengo ya ruswa yishyuwe n’umuntu umwe muri uyu mwaka yari 50,630.

Abadatanga amakuru kuri ruswa bakomeje kwiyongera

Ubuyobozi bwa TI-Rwanda bushishikariza abaturarwanda bose gutanga amakuru igihe bahuye na ruswa cyangwa bayibonye kuko ari bimwe mu byagira uruhare rukomeye mu rugamba rwo kurwanya ruswa mu Gihugu.

Ubushakashatsi bwa TI bwagaragaje ko umubare w’ababona cyangwa bagahura na ruswa ntibatange amakuru wiyongereye ukagera kuri 89.4% uvuye kuri 88.1% wagaragaye mu 2020.

Abantu bangana na 26% banga gutanga amakuru kuri ruswa batinya gukurikiranwa, 22% ni abumva atari ngombwa gutanga amakuru, 21% bo bumva ayo makuru bayatanze ashobora kuba imfabusa ntihagire igikorwa, mu gihe 16% batinya ko n’abayobozi cyangwa ibigo bagatanzemo amakuru birya ruswa.

Abagera kuri 7% gusa ni bo bavuze ko batamenye aho bashobora gutanga amakuru mu gihe 3% batinye kuba baterwa ubwoba cyangwa bakanahohoterwa.

Ubuyobozi bwa TI-Rwanda burasaba inzego za Leta n’izindi nzego zose bireba kongera ubukangurambaga bugamije kwereka abaturage ububi n’ingaruka za ruswa kuri bo no ku Gihugu. Ubwo bukanguramabaga ngo bukwiye kongerwa guhera mu muryango, binyuze mu bufatanye n’amashuri, amadini, ibigo bya Leta n’iby’abikorera itangazamakuru ndetse n’Itorero ry’igihugu.

By’umwihariko Urwego rw’Umuvunyi, Urwego rw’Igihugu rw’Ubugenzacyaha (RIB), Ubushinjacyaha, Polisi y’u Rwanda na TI Rwanda, birasabwa kunoza uburyo buhari bwo gutangiraho amakuru no kongerera abaturage icyizere ku bijyanye no kubukoresha. Ibyo bigomba kujyana no kubikira ibanga abatanga amakuru ndetse no kubacungira umutekano igihe biri ngombwa.

Nk’uko byagenze ku bushakashatsi bwakozwe kuri ruswa mu mwaka wa 2020, ubwo mu 2021 na bwo bwakozwe kandi bunatangazwa mu gihe u Rwanda n’Isi bigihanganye n’icyorezo cya COVID-19 cyagize uruhare mu gutiza umurindi icyaha cya ruswa mu buryo bumwe cyangwa ubundi.