Inzobere zerekanye umuvuno wafasha u Rwanda kwihaza mu biribwa 

Inzobere mu guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe zagaragaje ko kugira ngo u Rwanda rwihaze mu biribwa, hakwiye gushyirwa uburyo bunoze bwo guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe mu buhinzi binyuze mu guha abahinzi amakuru yumvikana.

Ni bimwe mu byagarutsweho mu nama nyunguranabitekerezo y’iminsi itatu, iteraniye i Kigali kuva kuri uyu wa 5 Kanama ikazageza ku ya 7 Kanama 2025.

Iyo nama yahurije hamwe abayobozi baturutse muri Minisiteri y’Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi (MINAGRI), Minisiteri y’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu (MINALOC), Minisiteri y’Ibidukikije, Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe guteza Imbere Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi (RAB), Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe Ubumenyi bw’Ikirere (Meteo Rwanda), abatanga serivisi z’ubuhinzi ku giti cyabo, za kaminuza n’ibigo bitanga amahugurwa ku buhinzi.

Abahagarariye izo nzego bagamije kurebera hamwe uko abahinzi bahabwa ubufasha bujyanye n’amakuru nyayo ku mihindagurikire y’ibihe, kandi bakabafasha kuyihanganira no kuyitaho mu buryo buboneye.

Umujyanama mu bya tekinike muri MINAGRI Dr. Alexandre Rutikanga, yagaragaje ko u Rwanda rukeneye hagati ya toni 615 000 na 874 000 z’ibigori buri mwaka kugira ngo ruzibe icyuho cy’ababikeneye mu Gihugu hose.

Dr Rutikanga yavuze mu gihembwe cy’ihinga ya 2024A, intego yari yagezweho, ariko mu cya 2025A hasaruwe toni 417 000 gusa z’ibigori, ziri munsi cyane y’ibikenewe.

Uwo muyobozi yavuze ko mu yindi myaka umusaruro wari witezwe utabonetse uko bikwiye.

Ati: “Ibishyimbo hakenewe hagati ya toni 521 000 na 870 000 buri mwaka, ariko sinibuka igihe twaherukaga kugera kuri urwo rwego mu myaka ishize.”

Yakomejenagira ati: “Ku bijyanye n’ibirayi, dukwiye kuba tubona hagati ya toni miliyoni 1.2 na 1.5 buri mwaka, ariko sinigeze mbona raporo yemeza ko twigeze tubigira. Umuceri, intego ni ukugira nibura toni 350 000 kugeza kuri 472 000 buri mwaka, ariko tubona nka toni 140 000 gusa.”

Dr. Rutikanga yagaragaje ko iki cyuho kiri hagati y’umusaruro wifuzwa n’uboneka kidaterwa no kudakora cyane kw’abahinzi, ahubwo ahanini gishingiye ku ngaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe.

Ati: “Imwe mu mpamvu zituma umusaruro uba muke ni imihindagurikire y’ibihe. Icyo ni cyo kibazo nyamukuru cyaranze igihembwe cy’ihinga ya 2025A. Abahinzi bateye imbuto muri Nzeri imyaka iruma, bongera kuyitera mu Kwakira birongera biranga. Ni yo mpamvu twabonye umusaruro mubi.”

Senge Moussa, Umuyobozi w’Umushinga wo Guhanga ibisubizo ku Ihindagurika ry’Ibihe mu bujyanama bw’Ubuhinzi mu Rwanda, (Climate Risk Management in Agricultural Extension CRMAE), yagaragaje ko kugira ngo u Rwanda ruhangane n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe mu buryo burambye rukwiye gutanga amakuru ahamye kandi yumvikana ku bahinzi.

Senge Moussa yagaragaje ko amakuru y’iteganyagihe akenshi aba arimo ibipimo bya tekinike bigoye kumvwa n’abahinzi, bityo ko ari ngombwa kuyasobanura mu buryo bworoshye kandi bwumvikana.

Ati: “Kimwe mu bibazo bikomeye ni uguhindura amakuru y’iteganyagihe mu mvugo abahinzi bashobora kumva no gukoresha mu buzima bwabo bwa buri munsi. Leta ikwiye kubigira iby’ingenzi ku rwego rwo hejuru.”

Yanagarutse ku kamaro ko gutanga inama zijyanye n’Akarere runaka, bitewe n’uko ibihe bitandukanye hirya no hino mu gihugu.

Ati: “Iburasirazuba n’Amajyepfo byibasirwa n’amapfa, mu gihe Amajyaruguru n’Iburengerazuba byo bibasirwa n’imvura nyinshi n’imyuzure. 

Inama zatangwa i Kigali cyangwa mu Ntara y’Iburasirazuba ntizishobora kuba zimwe n’izo watanga mu Burengerazuba cyangwa Amajyaruguru. Ni yo mpamvu amakuru agomba gushyirwa mu rwego rw’aho umuntu atuye.”

Mu Rwanda, ubutaka bungana na hegitari miliyoni 1.2 bukorerwaho ubuhinzi, ariko imihindagurikire y’ibihe itunguranye ituma bigorana kugera ku musaruro wifuzwa.

Mu rwego rwo gushakira umuti iki kibazo, u Rwanda ruri gukorana n’Ikigo Mpuzamahanga gishinzwe Ubushakashatsi ku Bworozi (International Livestock Research Institute, ILRI) binyuze mu mushinga ugamije kongerera ubushobozi serivisi z’ubujyanama zihabwa abahinzi bato.

Intego nyamukuru ni ukongerera abajyanama b’ubuhinzi ubumenyi n’ibikoresho bizabafasha guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe.

Iyo nama iteraniye i Kigali, yibanda ku kumenya ubumenyi n’ubushobozi abajyanama b’ubuhinzi bakeneye kugira ngo harebwe uko habaho kuvugurura imyigishirize, no kwigira ku bindi bihugu bya Afurika nka Ethiopia, Senegal, Kenya, Zambia, Ghana na Mali. 

Muri ibyo bihugu gahunda nk’izi zimaze kugeragezwa binyuze mu bufatanye n’Ikigo Mpuzamahanga gishinzwe Ubushakashatsi ku Mihindagurikire y’Ibihe n’Imibereho y’Abaturage (International Research Institute for Climate and Society) hamwe na gahunda ya AICCRA (Accelerating Impacts of CGIAR Climate Research for Africa).