Ibigori byangirika kuri 13%, imboga kuri 40%: Impuruza ku gufata neza umusaruro wangirika

Impuzamiryango Nyarwanda ishyigikira ibikorwa by’amajyambere y’ibanze (CCIOB), igizwe n’imiryango isaga 40 ikurikirana ibikorwa by’ubuhinzi, yasabye Leta kongera imbaraga mu gufata neza umusaruro w’ibihingwa, kuko igice kinini cyawo gikomeza kwangirika nyuma yo gusarurwa.

CCIOB ivuga ko ubushakashatsi n’igenzura yakoze mu 2025 byagaragaje ko umusaruro wangirika cyane cyane bitewe no kutawumisha no kuwuhunika neza. Ibi bituma utakaza ubwinshi n’ubwiza, bityo n’ugeze ku isoko ukagurishwa ku giciro kiri hasi.

Iyo mpuzamiryango ivuga ko gufata neza umusaruro ukimara gusarurwa ari ingenzi mu kongera inyungu y’umuhinzi no kugabanya igihombo.

Ibi byagarutsweho ku wa Kane, tariki ya 20 Kanama 2026, ubwo abakozi ba Minisiteri y’Ubucuruzi n’Inganda (MINICOM), Minisiteri y’Ubuhinzi n’Ubworozi (MINAGRI) hamwe n’aba CCIOB bakoraga urugendo shuri muri ‘Rwanda Institute for Conservation Agriculture (RICA)’, mu Karere ka Bugesera.

Urwo rugendo rwari rugamije kureba uburyo umusaruro ukomoka ku buhinzi witabwaho kugira ngo udapfa ubusa. Muri RICA, aho ibigori na soya bihingwa ku buso bunini, hagaragajwe ko umusaruro wangirika ku kigero cya 1,5% gusa.

Umunyamabanga Nshingwabikorwa wa CCIOB, Ngendandumwe Jean Claude, yavuze ko ibihingwa birimo ibigori, umuceri, ibirayi n’imboga biri mu byangirika cyane mu gihe cyo gusarura, kwanika no guhunika. Yagize ati: “Umusaruro wangirika uracyari mwinshi. Nk’ibigori, abantu batakaza ibirenga 13%, imboga zo biri hejuru cyane, ibirayi biri hagati ya 25 na 30% by’ibyasaruwe.

Umusaruro nk’umuceri cyangwa ibigori ushobora gusarurwa ariko ntubone ubwanikiro bwiza. Wanamara kwanika ntugire ubuhunikiro bwiza. Icyo gihe ibitakara ni byinshi, haba mu bwiza no mu bwinshi, kandi n’ugeze ku isoko ugira agaciro kari hasi.”

Ubushakashatsi bwakozwe mu 2023 n’Ikigo cy’Igihugu gishinzwe guteza imbere ubuhinzi n’ubworozi (RAB) bugaragaza ko umusaruro w’ibigori wangirika ku kigero cya 13%, umuceri ukangirika ku kigero cya 12.4%, ibirayi bikangirika kuri 25,2%, mu gihe imboga n’imbuto byangirika hagati ya 30% na 40%.

Leta igiye kongera ubwanikiro n’ubuhunikiro

Umuyobozi Mukuru w’Ishami rishinzwe Uruhererekane Nyongeragaciro rw’ibikomoka ku buhinzi n’ubworozi muri MINAGRI, Mukamugema Alice, yavuze ko kuba umusaruro mwinshi wangirika bisaba ko hashyirwa imbaraga mu guhangana n’iki kibazo, avuga ko Leta yatangiye gufata ingamba. Yavuze ko muri izo ngamba harimo kongera ubwanikiro bw’ibigori n’umuceri, ndetse no kongera ubuhunikiro bw’ibihingwa byangirika.

Mukamugema yavuze ko ikibazo cy’ibura ry’isoko cyagaragaye mu 2023 cyatumye igiciro cy’umuceri kigabanuka, bityo Leta n’abafatanyabikorwa bagatangira gushaka uburyo abahinzi, abaguzi n’abacuruzi bajya baganira ku biciro byungura impande zombi.

Ati: “Mu mwaka wa 2023 ni bwo habaye ikibazo cy’ibura ry’isoko, bituma igiciro cy’umuceri kigwa. Icyo gihe twumvikanye ko abaguzi n’abacuruzi bajya bicara hamwe bakaganira ku giciro kinogeye impande zombi.”

Gahunda ya Gatanu y’Impinduramatwara mu Buhinzi n’Ubworozi (PSTA 5), y’imyaka itanu kuva mu 2024 kugeza mu 2029, yitezweho kugabanya umusaruro wangirika nyuma yo gusarurwa cyangwa ukangirika uri mu murima, ukagera munsi ya 5%.

Iyi gahunda ishingira ku gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu gukonjesha no kubika neza umusaruro, ndetse no kongera imikoranire hagati y’inzego za Leta n’abikorera. Intego ya PSTA 5 ni ukugabanya umusaruro wangirika mu gihe cy’isarura, uvuye kuri 13.8% ukagera munsi ya 5%. Mukamugema yasabye inzego zose bireba, yaba iza Leta cyangwa abafatanyabikorwa, gushyira hamwe imbaraga mu kugabanya umusaruro wangirika.

Yagize ati: “Mureke dushyire imbaraga mu kugabanya uyu musaruro. Niba twejeje toni ibihumbi 600, ubwo 12% byangirika ni nka toni ibihumbi 72. Ni igihombo gikomeye cyane. Ni byo bizatuma dukomeza kujya muri Tanzaniya cyangwa muri Zambia gushaka ibigori byinshi. Dukwiye guharanira ko ya 5% y’umusaruro wangirika tuyigeraho.”

RICA irakataje mu kubungabunga umusaruro

Mu rugendo shuri rwabereye muri RICA, ikigo cyigisha ubuhinzi bubungabunga ubutaka n’ibidukikije mu Karere ka Bugesera, ubuyobozi bw’iki kigo bwagaragaje ko gukoresha ikoranabuhanga mu buhinzi no mu gufata neza umusaruro bituma ibyangirika bigabanyuka.

Muri RICA hari ubuhunikiro bugizwe n’ibigega bitanu bibikwamo imyaka irimo soya. Ibyo bigega bifite ubushobozi bwo kwakira umusaruro ungana na toni 100, kandi ushobora kumaramo amezi agera ku munani utangiritse.

Umukozi ushinzwe kubungabunga umusaruro muri RICA, Busingye Karangwa Carlos, yavuze ko iyo umusaruro witaweho uko bikwiye, bigira uruhare mu kuwongerera ubwiza n’ubuziranenge. Yagize ati: “Bino bigega bitanu, bine muri byo bifite ubushobozi bwo kwakira toni 10, mu gihe ikindi gifite ubushobozi bwo kwakira toni 60.” Yongeyeho ko RICA ifite ubwumishirizo bushobora kumisha toni 12 mu gihe cy’amasaha atanu.