Banki y’Isi yemereye u Rwanda miliyari 204 Frw yo guhangana n’ibiza

Banki y’Isi yemereye u Rwanda inkunga y’asaga miliyari 204 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda (miliyoni 141 z’amadolari y’Amerika) yo guteza imbere uburyo bwo guhangana n’ibiza binyuze mu mushinga wo gutera inkunga imicungire y’ibiza (Disaster Risk Management Development Policy Financing/ DPF).

U Rwanda rwahawe iyo nkunga binyuze muri gahunda y’uwo mushinga igamije gukumira ibyago bikomoka ku biza (Catastrophe Deferred Drawdown Option-Cat DDO), agamijwe kubaka uburyo bukomeye bwo kwitegura no kwitabara mu gihe cy’ibiza, bityo bikarinda ubuzima n’imibereho y’abaturage.

Ku wa Kane tariki ya 30 Nzeri 2025 ni bwo iyo nkunga yemejwe na Banki y’Isi nyuma y’igihe imaze iganirwaho, mu mushinga wateguwe ku bufatanye n’Ikigega Mpuzamahanga gishinzwe gukumira no gukomeza kwiyubaka mu gihe cy’ibiza (GFDRR), igendera ku nkingi eshatu.

Uwo mushinga ugamije gufasha kubaka ubushobozi bwo kubona amakuru ku byago by’ibiza no kubaka imikoranire inoze y’inzego bireba.

Kubaka ibikorwa remezo bikomeye mu guhangana n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe n’ibiza no gukomeza kubungabunga urusobe rw’ibinyabuzima n’ibidukikije kugira ngo bifashe mu guhangana n’ibiza.

U Rwanda ruri mu bihugu bijya bihura n’ibyago byiyongera bitewe n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe, aho 80% by’ibiza bifitanye isano n’ibihe bihindagurika.

Banki y’Isi ivuga ko guhera mu myaka ya 2000, ubwinshi n’ubukana bw’ibiza birimo imyuzure, inkangu n’amapfa byiyongereye cyane.

Iyi nkunga ya Banki y’Isi igamije gufasha u Rwanda guhangana by’umwihariko n’ibibazo byasizwe n’imyuzure n’inkangu byabaye mu kwezi kwa Gicurasi 2023 mu Rwanda.

Ibyo biza byonyine byahitanye abantu 131, bikomeretsa abandi 104, kandi bisiga abarenga 18 000 batagira aho kuba, na ho igihombo cy’umutungu wangiritse ukaba ubarirwa muri miliyari zisaga 271 z’amafaranga y’u Rwanda (miliyoni 187 z’amadolari ya Amerika).

Iyo nkunga isanze u Rwanda rwarashyizeho ingamba zo mu 2023 ku bijyanye no gukumira no gucunga ibiza, ikubiye muri Gahunda ya Kabiri ya Guverinoma y’imyaka itanu yo kwihutisha iterambere (NST2).

Sahr Kpundeh, Uhagarariye Banki y’Isi mu Rwanda, yagize ati: “U Rwanda rwateye intambwe ikomeye mu iterambere mu myaka 20 ishize, ariko imihindagurikire y’ibihe ishobora gusubiza inyuma ibyo byagezweho.”

Yunzemo ati: “Amasomo twakuye ku myuzure yo muri Gicurasi 2023 ni yo yatumye iyi gahunda ishyirwaho, kugira ngo dushyire imbaraga aho abaturage bafite intege nke kurusha abandi.”

Hafi 40% by’Abanyarwanda batuye mu misozi miremire ifite ibyago byinshi byo kwibasirwa n’inkangu, mu gihe kandi 6% gusa by’ubutaka bushobora guhingwaho ari bwo buhingwa, aho butunganywa hakoreshejwe uburyo bwuhira, bityo ubukungu bw’igihugu bukaba bushingiye cyane ku buhinzi bushingiye ku mvura.

Banki y’Isi ivuga ko imihindagurikire y’ibihe iteganyijwe ko izongera ubwinshi n’imbaraga by’imvura, bikaba byatuma umusaruro mbumbe (GDP) ugabanyuka hagati ya 5-7% munsi y’urwego rusanzwe mu myaka myinshi kugeza mu 2050.

Mu kwinjiza igenamigambi ryo guhangana n’ibiza mu igenamigambi ry’igihugu, u Rwanda rwafashe ingamba zikomeye zo kurinda ibyagezweho hagamijwe iterambere no kubaka ejo hazaza hatarangwa n’ubwigunge ku baturage barwo.

Saurabh Dani yagize ati: “Uburyo buhuje bwa Cat DDO ni ingenzi cyane mu guhangana n’ibibazo by’ibiza mu Rwanda”.

Yongeyeho ati: “Duhuza inzego, kunoza ibipimo by’imyubakire, no gukomeza imicungire y’ibidukikije, u Rwanda ruri kubaka ubushobozi bwo guhangana n’ibiza ku nzego zitandukanye.”

Iyi gahunda ihuye n’intego za Banki y’Isi yihaye mu bufatanye n’u Rwanda (2021-2026), zigamije gukomeza guhangana n’ingaruka z’imihindagurikire y’ibihe, cyane cyane imyuzure mu mijyi ikomeje kwiyongera muri iyi myaka.

Cat DDO yunganiye indi mishinga iterwa inkunga na Banki y’Isi igamije gushyiraho guhangana n’ibyago by’ibiza no gushyigikira ko guhangana n’imihindagurikire y’ibihe byashyirwa mu igenamigambi ry’iterambere.a