Abacanshuro Tshisekedi yakodesheje ntibateze kuba igisubizo cy’umutekano muri Congo

Hari videwo iherutse gusakara ku mbuga nkoranyambaga z’Abanyekongo yerekana abarwanyi b’abacanshuro bageze mu Karere ka Kisangani. Iyo videwo igaragaza abacanshuro bakomoka muri Colombia bakodeshejwe na Blackwater, isosiyete y’abasirikare b’abacanshuro iyoborwa  na Erik D. Prince.

Iyo video icararacara ku mbuga nkoranyambaga mu gihe hashize iminsi mike Perezida wa Repubulika Iharanira Demokarasi ya Congo (RDC) Félix Tshisekedi ari i Washington, aho bivugwa ko yahuriye na Prince, mu gihe yari yitabiriye Inama rusange y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye nk’uko byatangajwe n’Ikinyamakuru Afrique Intelligence.

Ibi bigaragaza ko Tshisekedi yayobotse gukoresha nanone abacanshuro mu ntambara ingabo ze zitanashobora gutsinda.

Inkuru z’abacanshuro zazamuye umwuka mubi ubwo Visi Minisitiri w’Intebe akaba na Minisitiri w’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu, Shabani Lukoo, yasangije ifoto y’ikiyaga gifite ibara ryijimye, akandikaho amagambo ati: “BlackWater”. Ubwo butumwa bw’inshoberamahanga bwasomwe na benshi nk’ikimenyetso cyerekana ko koko abacanshuro bageze muri Congo.

Minisitiri w’Ububanyi n’Amahanga w’u Rwanda Olivier J.P. Nduhungirehe, ntiyatindiganyije mu kumunenga. Yavuze ati: “Ni muri Congo honyine aho Visi Minisitiri w’Intebe akaba na Minisitiri w’Ubutegetsi bw’Igihugu ashobora kwirata mu ibanga ry’uko yashyize mu gihugu cye abacanshuro”, yibutsa Kinshasa ko icyo gikorwa kitemewe n’Amasezerano ya OUA/UA yo mu 1977 ndetse n’Amasezerano y’Umuryango w’Abibumbye yo mu 1989.

Ku baturage b’Abanyekongo, ayo makuru ayo si amakuru mashya. Mbere muri Mutarama 2025, Guverinoma yari yitabaje abacanshuro b’Abaromaniya barenga 1,500 kugira ngo baride Umujyi wa Goma udafatwa n’inyeshyamba za M23.

“Baje bizeza byinshi, bafite imishahara minini n’ubwirasi bwinshi”, uko ni ko umuturage w’i Goma utashatse ko izina rye ritangazwa yibuka. “Bafatwaga nk’abami mu maresitora, no muri za hoteli kandi Abanyekongo basanzwe bo ntibashoboraga no kubona serivisi mbere yabo.”

Nk’uko raporo nyinshi zabigaragaje, abo Barumaniya bahembwaga hagati ya y’amadolari ya Amerika ($) 5.000 na 8.000 ku kwezi, amafaranga y’ikirenga mu gihugu aho umusirikari usanzwe w’icyo gihugu utarenga amadolari 100 ku kwezi.

Bamwe bari abasirikare bakiri mu kazi mu bihugu byabo, abandi batazi no gukoresha intwaro. Nubwo birataga bagaragaza ibikoresho bikomeye, ingabo za AFC|M23 zabatsinze ku buryo bukomeye zinabafata mpiri.

Gukoresha abarwanyi b’abanyamahanga si ibya vuba. Kuva mu gihe cya kera muri 1960, abayobozi ba Congo bakunze kwifashisha abacanshuro. Mu 1965, ingabo za Congo zakodesheje “5 Commando” kurwanya ishyaka ryari riharanira imyemerere ya gikomunisiti mu Ntara ya Kwilu. Mu 1996–1997, Mobutu Sese Seko yakoresheje Légion Blanche, abacanshuro bakomoka muri Yougoslavia bahawe inshingano zo kurinda Kisangani, ariko bahunze bamaze amezi make.

Mu 1998, Laurent-Désiré Kabila yakoresheje abajenosideri b’Abanyarwanda bari mu buhungiro. Bananiwe urugamba ahubwo bongera umutekano muke mu Karere. Mu 2025, abacanshuro b’Abarumaniya ba Tshisekedi basebeye i Goma.

Perezida wa Repubulika y’u Rwanda Paul Kagame, yabivuze atazuyaje ati: “Abacanshuro ni abantu babi cyane udakwiriye kugirira icyizere”. Amateka ya Congo arabihamya.

Uretse gutsindwa ku rugamba, gukoresha abacanshuro kwa Tshisekedi bishyira mu kaga amasezerano y’amahoro y’Akarere nka Accord de Washington na Déclaration de Doha ku mahame y’ubufatanye n’ibiganiro.

Nk’uko byasobanuwe n’umusesenguzi wo mu Karere uba i Nairobi muri Kenya, “Ni uguca inyuma inyandiko n’umwuka w’ayo masezerano. Aho gushimangira ko ingabo za Congo, Kinshasa iri kwishyura abanyamahanga b’inzererezi. Ibyo ni ukwica ubusugire aho kuburinda.”

Albert Einstein yigeze kuvuga ko “ubusazi ari ugusubira mu kintu kimwe ugategereza ko ibisubizo bizaba bitandukanye”. Iyo mvugo irahura neza n’uko Congo igikomeje gukoresha abacanshuro.

Mu gihe cy’imyaka irenga 60, miliyari nyinshi z’amadolari zashowe mu gukodesha abanyamahanga: Abanyafurika y’Epfo, abasirikare bavuye mu Burayi bw’Uburasirazuba, kugeza n’ubu ku bacanshuro b’Abakolombiya. Ariko nta n’umwe wazanye intsinzi irambye. Ahubwo basize inyuma umujinya, ruswa n’ingabo za Congo zishegeshwe kurushaho.

Umuryango wa Afurika Yunze Ubumwe wagiye kenshi unenga gukoresha abacanshuro muri Libiya, Repubulika ya Santarafurika (RCA) na Mali. Ariko guverinoma ya Congo isa n’iyirengagiza amategeko mpuzamahanga ndetse n’amateka yayo bwite.

Ku Banyekongo basanzwe, ibisubizo birazwi mbere y’uko biba. “Bazaza, banywe, bazabyine mu tubyiniro twa Goma, hanyuma bazasubire iwabo ibintu bibakomereye”, nk’uko wa muturage wa mbere yabivuze. “Natwe dusigare n’intambara ya kera.”

Mu gihe Perezida Tshisekedi akomeje kugirana amasezerano n’abacanshuro, ikibazo abantu bibaza ni iki: ni inshuro zingahe Congo izakomeza gusubiramo ayo makosa mbere yo kwemera icyo buri wese asanzwe azi; abacanshuro ntibazigera bakemura ikibazo cya Congo.