Abanyafurika, ubukene ntibudutera ipfunwe- Desalegn i Kigali

Amateka agaragaza ko hari Abanyafurika barwanyije akarengane baharanira ubwigenge, biba intandaro yo guhashya ubucakara, icuruzwa ry’abirabura, ubukoloni n’indi mikorere yiganjemo guhohotera Abanyafurika ku buryo bukabije, ariko bisa n’aho ubukene n’inzara byemewe nka karande y’Abanyafurika.

Mu gihe cy’ubucakara kuva mu 1885 kugeza mu 1914, Umugabane w’Afurika wafatwaga nk’uwasigaye inyuma mu iterambere, kugeza ubwo habonetse abaharanira ubwigenge, ibihugu bitangira kwigobotora imyumvire y’uko bakwiye guhora bafite ababareberera byitwa ko basobanukiwe n’ibyo Abanyafurika bakeneye.

Nubwo ubukoloni n’ubucakara byarwanyijwe ndetse bikanatanga umusaruro mu kigero runaka, ubukene n’inzara ni umwanzi wahozeho kuva kera Abanyafurika batarabasha kwigobotora.

Imibare itangazwa n’Ishami ry’Umuryango w’abibumbye ryita ku biribwa (FAO), yerekana ko mu mwaka wa 2021 Abanyafurika bagera kuri 20% bari bafite ikibazo cy’inzara, ndetse binavugwa ko hejuru ya 80% by’abatuye ku Mugabane w’Afurika batabona indyo yuzuye.

Ibyo byose biba mu gihe Afurika ari wo mugabane ku Isi ufite igice kinini cy’ubutaka burumbuka, hakiyongeraho no kuba utuwe n’abagera kuri miliyari 1.3 bagizwe n’urubyiruko rufite imbaraga zo gukora rurenga 60%.

Mu nama y’Ihuriro Mpuzamahanga ku iterambere ry’ubuhinzi muri Afurika (AGRF) imaze iminsi itanu iteraniye i Kigali mu Rwanda, hagarutswe ku kureba umuzi w’impamvu Afurika igifite abicwa n’inzara ndetse ikaba inugarijwe n’ubukene mu gihe hari amahirwe yakabaye agira uyu mugabane Ikigega cy’Isi yose.

Hailemariam Desalegn, wabaye Minisitiri w’Intebe wa Ethiopia akaba n’Umuyobozi w’abafatanyabikorwa ba AGRF, yavuze ko umuzi wo kuba Afurika idatera imbere ku muvuduko wifuzwa ari uko Abanyafurika badaterwa ifunwe n’ubukene, nk’uko bababajwe n’ubucakara, ubukoloni n’ibindi byago byabagwiririye.

Yagize ati: “Ikibazo nyamukuru gituma Afurika idatera imbere vuba nk’uko tubyifuza gishingiye kuri Politiki y’ubukungu bwacu. Muri Afurika, twishimira kugumana ibyo tumenyereye kandi ntiduterwa ipfunwe n’ubukene. Ubuyobozi mu nzego zose ni ingenzi mu guhindura iyi myumvire.”

Yakomeje agira ati: “Ubukene butera ipfunwe ariko muri Afurika, abantu benshi bahisemo kunyurwa na bwo. Nk’uko urubyiruko rw’Abanyafurika ari rwo rwarwanyije ubucakara ni na ko urubyiruko rw’ubu ari rwo rushobora guhanga ubuyobozi bushya bushobora guhindura Afurika. Dukwiye kumva ko ubu turi mu mibereho iteye isoni tukagira icyo tubikoraho. Urubyiruko rw’Afurika rushobora kuzamura Afurika, rugakuraho ubukene kandi rugasunikira umugabane kuba igicumbi cy’ibiribwa.”

Desalegn yashimangiye ko imwe mu nzira nziza zo kugabanya icyuho kiri mu buhinzi n’umutekano w’ibiribwa muri Afurika ari iyo kwimakaza no kubyaza umusaruro amahirwe atangwa n’Isoko Rusange ry’Afurika (AfCFTA).

Yagize ati: “Dukwiye kurekura bimwe mu byo twita ubusugire bw’ibihugu byacu niba dukeneye kugera ku ntego zashyiriweho kutuzamura twese nk’Umugabane.”

Ku wa Kane, Ubuyobozi bw’Ihuriro Mpuzamahanga ku Iterambere ry’Ubuhinzi (AGRA) bwatangaje gahunda y’imyaka itanu igamije kuzahura ubuhinzi mu bihugu 16 iryo huriro rimaze kugezamo ibikorwa byaryo.

Umuyobozi wa AGRA Dr. Agnès Kalibata, yatangaje ko bakeneye amadolari y’Amerika asaga miliyoni 550 z’amadorali yo gukoresha muri gahunda yo guteza imbere ubuhinzi muri ibyo bihugu mu myaka 5 iri imbere, ni ukuvuga guhera mu mwaka utaha wa 2023 kugeza muri 2027.

Dr. Kalibata yavuze ko bimwe mu bizitabwaho muri iyi gahunda ari ugukangurira urubyiruko kurushaho kwitabira ubuhinzi kurusha uko bimeze ubu, cyane ko byagaragayeko abenshi batiyumva mu buhinzi nk’isoko y’amafaranga n’ubukire.

Oliver Jehiel washinze Ikigo Hello Tractor, yavuze ko urubyiruko ari rwo soko y’impinduramatwara ikenewe mu buhinzi n’ubworozi muri Afurika kuko ari rwo rubangukiwe no gukoresha ikoranabuhanga risabwa kugira ngo ubuhinzi bwa kijyambere buhemba ubukire bugerweho.

Jehiel yagize ati: “Urubyiruko rwiyumva mu ikoranabuhanga vuba. Bariga bagafata vuba, baba biteguye kwakira ibitekerezo bishya. Bihutira guhanga udushya kubera amashyushyu baba bafitiye iterambere. Ariko abahanga udushya baba bakwiye kwitegura no gufata mu biganza byabo umusaruro uvamo.”

Kimwe mu byo inzego zifata ibyemezo mu rwego rw’ubuhinzi ku mugabane zishyize imbere, ni ukongera ingengo y’imari igenerwa ubuhinzi ikava kuri 3.4% ikagera ku kigero cya 10% cyangwa ikaba yanarenga nk’uko bikubiye mu myanzuro y’Abakuru b’Ibihugu yasinyiwe I Malabo muri Guinea Equatorial mu mwaka wa 2014.