Amateka y’Umuganura n’uko wizihizwaga mu Rwanda

Umunsi w’Umuganura wizihizwa buri wa 5 wa mbere w’ukwezi kwa Kanama. Uyu mwaka wa 2026, wizihijwe kuri uyu wa Gatanu tariki 7 Kanama mu Karere ka Rusizi. Ufite insanganyamatsiko igira iti ‘Umuganura, isoko y’ubumwe n’ishingiro ryo kwigira’. Abakuze bavuga ko kuwizihiza ari ugusigasira umurage w’u Rwanda, bitewe nuko ukubiyemo indangagaciro z’umuco nyarwanda, kuko wari umunsi bahura bagasabana, bagasangira ku byo bejeje.

umunsi w’Umuganura wari umunsi mukuru ngarukamwaka wubahwaga kandi ugahabwa agaciro i Bwami no mu muryango w’Abanyarwanda. Umuganura watangiye kwizihizwa mu Rwanda ku ngoma ya Gihanga Ngomijana mu kinyejana cya cyenda, hanyuma uza kongera guhabwa imbaraga na Ruganzu II Ndoli hagati y’imyaka ya 1510-1543 ubwo yabohoraga u Rwanda nyuma y’imyaka irenga cumi ruri mu maboko y’abanyamahanga,  rwari rwarigaruriwe nyuma y’amacakubiri yatumye Umwami Ndahiro Cyamatare yicwa n’ababisha n’ingoma yarwo Rwoga, ikanyagwa n’abanyamahanga (Abanyabungo).

Waje kugirwa ihame ridakuka mu kinyejana cya 16 ubwo Umwami Ruganzu II Ndoli yabohoraga u Rwanda rwari rwarigaruriwe nyuma y’amacakubiri yatumye Umwami Ndahiro Cyamatare yicwa n’ababisha n’ingoma yarwo, Rwoga, ikanyagwa.

Umuganura wabanzirizwaga n’icyunamo cya Gicurasi aho Abanyarwanda bibukaga urupfu rwa Cyamatare, hagakurikiraho ibirori bya Kamena bishimira ko habonetse Umutabazi, noneho bigasozwa no kwizihiza Umuganura bashimira Imana ko basubiranye igihugu n’ubumwe bw’Abanyarwanda. Cyari ikintu gikomeye bagombaga guhora bazirikana ngo batazongera guteshuka kuri iryo hame shingiro ry’uko bahuje byose ari byo inkomoko imwe, igihugu kimwe, amahame remezo gishingiyeho n’indangagaciro zigize umuco.

Umuganura wambuwe agaciro aho abakoloni bageze mu Rwanda. Kubera ko intwaro yabo yari amacakubiri, bihutiye guca umuco Nyarwanda wahuzaga Abanyarwanda, bityo baca Umuganura wabibutsaga umuco bahuriyeho ndetse n’Umwiru mukuru ushinzwe. Umuganura waje kongera kwizihizwa buri mwaka muri za mirongo inani, ariko na bwo hagamijwe guha agaciro umusaruro w’ubuhinzi

Inzira y’umuganura ni imwe mu Nzira 18 zari zigize inzira z’ubwiru mu Rwanda mu gihe cy’ingoma ya cyami. Zari zigizwe kandi n’urusobe rw’imihango n’imigenzo bifite amategeko agena uko bikorwa mu bihe runaka. Inzira y’umuganura yakorwagamo imihango buri mwaka yari igamije gufasha Abanyarwanda kweza imyaka myinshi igihugu kikagira uburumbuke. 

Ni umuhango waheraga ibwami, Umwami agatanga umuganura bagasangira bishimira umusaruro igihugu cyejeje, abari bawushinzwe bitwaga Abiru. Umuganura wizihizwaga ku mwero w’amasaka by’umwihariko wakorerwaga ku mbuto za Gihanga ari zo amasaka, uburo, inzuzi n’isogi. Umunsi mukuru wawo watangiraga muri Kamena, ugasoza muri Nzeri, waheraga ibwami, Umwami agatanga umuganura bagasangira bishimira umusaruro igihugu cyejeje.

Kuganura kwari ugusubira ku isoko nk’Abanyarwanda, abaturage bakiyibutsa ko bahuje gakondo n’ibyiza byayo Imana yabahaye, bakayishimira. 

Uko umuganura wakorwaga

Ku rwego rw’igihugu Umuganura wayoborwaga n’Umwami afatanyije n’abanyamihango babugenewe mu gihe ku rwego rw’umuryango, umukuru wawo ari we wayoboraga iyo mihango yawizihizanyaga n’abawugize bashimira Imana ibyiza yabahaye ku rwego rw’umuryango.

Imihango y’i bwami yari iyo guhuza Imana n’Igihugu, bagahuza ibikorwa by’idini n’imigenzo gakondo hamwe n’imirimo y’ubuhinzi n’ubworozi. Baganuzaga Umwami amata, amasaka n’izindi mbuto nkuru ari zo uburo, inzuzi n’isogi ariko bakongeraho n’ibindi byose byabaga byeze muri icyo gihe.

Umwami yafataga umwuko agatangiza umuhango wo kuvugira umutsima rubanda baje kuganura, akawuvuga apfukamye yerekana icyubahiro aha abo ayobora ndetse n’Igihugu.

Nyuma y’umuhango wo kuganura hakurikiragaho ibirori by’Umuganura byasozwaga n’igitaramo cy’imihigo. Muri ibyo birori, Umwami yamurikirwaga umusaruro unyuranye w’Abanyarwanda bavuye impande zose z’Igihugu, hakaba amarushanwa y’indashyikirwa.

Kuri uwo munsi kandi, imiryango nayo yarateranaga maze umutware w’umuryango akayobora imihango n’ibirori byayikurikiraga.

Huro muri Gakenke ni ho hategurirwaga Umuganura

Umusozi wa Huro uherereye mu Murenge wa Muhondo mu Karere ka Gakenke uzwi mu mitegurire y’Umuganura. Ni ho hategurirwaga umuganura ndetse Gihanga Ngomijana awutangiza yabikomoye ku bahatuye.

Mu kinyejana cya 16 ubwo Ruganzu II Ndoli yari aturutse i Karagwe nyuma y’aho igihugu cyari cyarigaruriwe n’Abanyoro n’Abanyabungo, yifashishije ab’i Huro mu guha imbaraga Umuganura. Mu mateka y’u Rwanda, ku munsi w’Umuganura ni bwo Umwami yagombaga gusangira na rubanda bishimira umusaruro babaga bagezeho.

Uko byagendaga mu muco ku munsi w’Umuganura, abasaza bahuriraga hamwe bakaganura bakanywa amarwa, abakecuru bagateka umutsima n’ibishyimbo, bakagaburira abana bakabaha n’amata bakanywa.

Umuganura uhuza abaturage n’abayobozi bagasabana bishimira umusaruro wagezweho. Nubwo ukomoka mu bihe by’Abami ariko nyuma ya Jenoside yakorewe Abatutsi ntiwari mu minsi yizihizwa cyane mu gihugu. Umuganura wagiraga n’undi mumaro wo kuzirikana umwami nka Nyir’uburumbuke bakamutura urutete rw’imyaka yeze.

Uyu muhango wakomeje gukorwa no mu yindi myaka yakurikiye ubutegetsi bwa cyami. Wasigaye ukorwa mu rwego rwo kwishimira umusaruro, Abanyarwanda bagahurira mu ngo z’abakungu bagasangira ibyo kurya bakanywa n’inzoga.

Uko umuganura wizihizwa ubu

Umuganura ni Umuhango ukomeye mu mateka y’u Rwanda rwo hambere ari nacyo cyatumye Leta y’u Rwanda iwugarura ndetse iwuha imbaraga zituma wizihizwa mu gihugu hose.

Ni umwanya wo kongera kwibuka ibyo Abanyarwanda bahuriyeho nk’igihugu, umuco karande, inkomoko n’ibindi. Kuganura ubu bifite igisobanuro cyo gusangira ku byavuye ku musaruro wejejwe mu gihugu hose.

Umuganura ufatwa nk’umunsi ukomeye ku Banyarwanda wo kwishimira ibyagezweho, kwisuzuma no kureba ibitaragenze neza, wizihizwa hamurikwa bimwe mu bikorwa by’ubuhinzi, ubworozi no mu nzego zitandukanye nk’ ubuzima, ubukerarugendo, ikoranabuhanga, inganda, uburezi, ubucuruzi, ubukorikori n’ibindi byose bigaragaza urugendo rw’Abanyarwanda rwo kwigira no kwibohora nyako.