Abaturarwanda barasabwa kwirinda abakora ubujura bifashishije terefoni
Yanditswe na Tumukunde Georgine
Abaturarwanda barasabwa kuba maso ntibagwe mu mutego w’abakora uburiganya mu ihererekanya ry’amafaranga hakoreshejwe terefoni igendanwa (Mobile Money).
Abatekamutwe bifashisha ikoranabuhanga rimaze gutera imbere bagahamagara abantu babashuka ngo batsindiye ibihembo, abandi bakiba umubare w’ibanga bakabikuza amafaranga atari ayabo kuri terefoni n’ibindi.
Mukamurera Vénérande ushinzwe Ishami rirengera abafatabuguzi mu Rwego Ngenzuramikorere (RURA), avuga ko abenshi mu bafatabuguzi ba “Mobile Money” ndetse n’abatanga iyi serivisi (Agent) batamenyereye neza uburyo bwo guhererekanya amafaranga bigatuma bamwe bagwa mu mutego w’abakora uburiganya.
Yakomeje agira ati: “Abafatabuguzi bakwiye kujya bagira amakenga kuko uburiganya buhindura isura uko iminsi ihita”.
Ingero z’uburiganya bujya bukorwa:
RURA igaragaza bumwe mu buriganya bujya bukorwa:
*Hari abantu biyitirira abakozi b’ibigo by’itumanaho bagahamagara abantu bababeshya ko batsindiye amafaranga ngo kuko bakoresha terefoni yabo neza mu guhererekanya amafaranga (Airtel Money, MTN Mobile Money).
*Bamwe bambara imyenda bakanitwaza amakarita agaragaza ko ari abakozi mu by’ihererekanya ry’amafaranga hakoreshejwe terefoni, hari igihe abafatabuguzi bibwira ko babishinzwe koko babaha amafaranga ngo babazigamire (babashyirire kuri terefoni) bakababeshya ko bayashyizeho ariko ko hari ikibazo cya rezo (réseau) ari yo mpamvu adahita agaragara kuri konti. Umufatabuguzi akagenda yizeye ko ajyanye amafaranga kandi ntayo.
*Hari umubare w’ibanga ukoreshwa iyo utaragena uwawe, uwo mubare ushobora kumenywa n’abantu bose kuko ahanini ari zeru eshanu; iyo udashyizemo umubare w’ibanga wawe wihariye utazwi n’abandi mbere y’uko utangira kohereza amafaranga ushobora guhura n’ibibazo byo kwibwa amafaranga ari kuri konti yawe.
*Umutekamutwe ahamagara umuntu akamubwira ko amwoherereje amafaranga yibeshye, akamusaba kuyamusubiza kandi abeshya ntayo yohereje, uwo wahamagawe hari igihe atabanza kureba kuri konti ye ko hari andi mafaranga yagiyeho koko agahita yohereza ayo yari asanganwe.
*Hari abakora uburiganya bagatanga amafaranga y’amakorano.
*Ubundi buriganya ni ubwo kwiba umwirondoro w’umufatabuguzi hakoreshejwe uburyo bwa “Sim swap” (Simuswapu), umujura wawibye agakoresha ya nomero agasaba abantu basanzwe baziranye na wa mufatabuguzi ko bamwoherereza vuba amafaranga runaka kuri terefoni kuko yagize ikibazo gikomeye.
*Hajya habaho ko uwohereza amafaranga yibeshya kuri nomero yashakaga kuyoherezaho, yashaka kuyasubirana uwayakiriye akaba yakwanga kuyamusubiza kuko yayakoresheje cyangwa kubera ko gusa atabishaka.
*Hari n’abahamagara abantu bababwira ko ari abakozi b’ibigo by’itumanaho, ko bashaka kubafasha kwandukuza nomero batazi zibanditseho.
*Abatanga serivisi za “Mobile Money” (Agent) na bo bajya bahura n’uburiganya; umuntu akaza aje kubitsa, bakamuhereza terefoni kugira ngo ashyiremo umubare w’ibanga, aho kubikora agahita yiyoherereza amafaranga ari kuri terefoni.

Abafatabuguzi basabye ko babazigamira bakwiye kubanza kureba ko amafaranga yageze kuri konti mbere yo kugenda
Icyo bamwe mu baturage bavuga ku buriganya bukorwa hifashishijwe terefoni
Abaturage baganiriye n’Imvaho Nshya barimo abahuye n’uburiganya, bashimangira ko abakoresha serivisi zo guhererekanya amafaranga bifashishije terefoni bakwiye kugira ubushishozi kuko uko iminsi ihita haza ubutekamutwe bushya.
Uwitwa Rukundo Fiston wo mu Karere ka Nyarugenge yagize ati: “ Ngewe sindahura na bariya batekamutwe ariko hari mugenzi wange bahamagaye; umuntu atazi yaramuhamagaye amubwira ko akorera …. ( kimwe mu bigo by’itumanaho) ngo yatsindiye ibihembo, amusaba ko yabanza kumwoherereza amafaranga kuri terefoni azifashishwa mu kumushyikiriza ibyo bihembo”.
Yakomeje agira ati: “Uwo mugenzi wange bwa mbere yari yabyemeye atangira no gutegura amafaranga yo kohereza, amahirwe yagize ni uko yaje kubanza kubimbwira, kuko nari narumvise ko hariho abatekamutwe nahise mubuza”.
Mujawamariya Vestine wo mu Karere ka Gasabo na we yagize ati: “Uburiganya se ko ari bwinshi, icyo umuntu akora ni ukuba maso, ni ukwirinda, hari n’uguhamagara akakubwira ngo amafaranga arayobye, ayobeye kuri terefoni yawe ihangane uyanyoherereze, iyo utabanje ngo urebe koko ko yagiye kuri konti yawe ushobora guhita wohereza ayawe wari usanganywe […], bene abo baba banafite imvugo bakoresha ukagira ngo ni byo koko baravuga ukuri!”
Uwitwa Mukamana Solange yagaragaje ko hari n’abiba terefoni bagafata Simukadi basanzemo bakareba abantu bayiriho bakabahamagara bakoresheje indi nomero babasaba kuboherereza amafaranga.
Ati: “Iyo ugize ibyago ukibwa terefoni baragenda bagahamagara abantu bose ufiteho, bakababeshya ko wenda uri mu bitaro wakoze impanuka hakenewe amafaranga yo kukuvuza, hari igihe rero bahamagara umuntu agahita akuka umutima akohereza atabanje no gushishoza. Ngewe hari n’abajyaga bampamagara ngo natsindiye ibihembo, ariko natekereza ibyo bihembo ntakoreye nkumva ko babeshya ”.
Yakomeje avuga ko abajura batega amatwi amatangazo y’abataye ibyangombwa anyura kuri radiyo bakaza guhamagara nomero ziba zatanzwe babeshya ko ibyangombwa byabonetse, bagasaba uwabitaye kubanza kuboherereza amafaranga y’itike kugira ngo babimuzanire, yamara kuyohereza nomero bamuhamagaje bakayikura ku murongo ntiyongere kubabona.
Bamwe banavuze ko abatekamutwe bahamagara abantu bababeshya ko bababoneye akazi ariko kugira ngo bakinjiremo hari amafaranga bagomba kubanza gutanga kandi bakayohereza kuri “Mobile Money”.
Abatanga serivisi za “Mobile Money” na bo barasabwa ubushishozi
Umwe mu batanga serivisi z’itumanaho witwa Iyamuremye Faustin yavuze ko na bo bajya bahura n’ibyo bibazo by’uburiganya, akaba asaba bagenzi be kuba maso.
Yagize ati: “Iyo umufatabuguzi yibwe hari igihe kompanyi y’itumanaho imusaba kujya kuri Agent wamubikurije ngo abe ari we umwishyura, natwe tubigwamo kuko tuba twayahaye umuntu tutazi ko ari umujura, urumva ko natwe bidusaba kuba maso kugira ngo twirinde icyo gihombo”.
Mugenzi we witwa Uwimpuhwe Gloriose yagize ati: “ Niba umuntu aje kubikuza iwawe wagombye kumusaba indangamuntu ukareba ko Simukadi imwanditseho, ukandika umwirondoro we, ku buryo havutse ikibazo wabona icyo wireguza, iyo bitabaye ibyo umufatabuguzi wibwe uhita umwishyura amafaranga yose yibwe kuko kompanyi na yo ihita imukoherezaho, kandi ni byo koko ni wowe uba wakoze ikosa ryo kudashishoza”.
Ibyafasha umufatabuguzi kwirinda uburiganya
*RURA irakangurira buri Muturarwanda guhumuka ntiyitabire guhabwa ibihembo atigeze aharanira; akajya ahisha kure umubare we w’ibanga; akihutira gukora Simuswapu (Sim swap) igihe abona ko atakiri ku murongo w’itumanaho, akagira ubushishozi igihe abonye ubutumwa bwoherejwe cyangwa ahamagawe na nomero adasanzwe azi.
*Niba hari ubonye ubutumwa bumusaba kohereza amafaranga, akabanza guhamagara uwo muntu kugira ngo amenye neza ko ari we uyakeneye koko.
*Umufatabuguzi agomba kwirinda kwandarika terefoni, kandi agahindura umubare w’ibanga ahabwa akinjira muri serivisi z’ihererekanya ry’amafaranga hakoreshejwe terefoni. Akora umubare w’ibanga ugizwe n’imibare itandukanye uko ari itanu, kandi akawugira ibanga koko.
*Hari abahura n’ubujura bitewe n’uko batumye abandi ngo bage kubabikuriza kuri terefoni, bakabaha irangamuntu n’umubare w’ibanga, hakaba n’ababa batazi kubikuza cyangwa kohereza amafaranga bagasaba “Agent” kubibakorera bityo bakanababwira umubare w’ibanga. Abafatabuguzi bakwiye kujya bashaka uwo bizeye akabibakorera mu gihe batarabimenyera.
*Ugiye koherereza undi amafaranga aba akwiye kubanza gusuzuma ko nomero zigiye koherezwaho zanditse neza kugira ngo atoherezwa ku wo atagenewe.
*Ukeneye serivisi zo guhererekanya amafaranga yakorana n’umukozi umenyereye, ufite aho akorera hazwi hamenyerewe aho kwiyambaza uwo bahuriye mu muhanda adashobora kongera kubona aramutse umukeneye.
*Mbere y’uko umufatabuguzi yishyura “Agent” amafaranga yabikije kuri konti ya “Mobile Money”, akwiye kubanza gusuzuma ko ayo mafaranga yageze kuri konti ye koko.
*Umufatabuguzi asabwa kwirinda gushyira muri terefoni ye porogaramu (application) atazi cyangwa atizeye umutekano wazo kuko hari igihe ziba ziherekejwe na virusi ituma umujura abona ibikorerwa kuri iyo terefoni akaba yanabona umubare w’ibanga akaziba amafaranga.
*Ni ngombwa gusuzuma buri gihe terefoni no kuvanamo porogaramu zitizewe zishobora gutuma amakuru arimo umubare wawe w’ibanga amenyekana.

Abatanga serivisi za Mobile Money na bo barasabwa kujya bandika abaje kubikuza
Mukamurera Vénérande ushinzwe Ishami rirengera abafatabuguzi muri RURA, avuga ko nubwo terefoni yateje imbere ihererekanya ry’amafaranga ikorohereza abatarabonaga uburyo bwo kuyahererekanya, ikazana andi mahirwe y’akazi, ni ngombwa ko abayikoresha bamenya ko hari n’uburiganya n’ubutekamutwe bwinshi bwabiherekeje buhora burekereje.
Yagize ati: “Ni byiza ko umufatabuguzi aziba icyuho cyose gishoboka akurikiza ingamba zagaragajwe haruguru, akaba maso kuko ubujura buhindura isura n’amayeri uko iterambere mu by’itumanaho rikoresha terefoni rihinduka”.
Avuga ko abatanga serivisi za “Mobile Money” na bo bakwiye guhugurwa bakamenya gukumira ubwo buriganya, bagakorana ubunyangamugayo kandi bagafasha n’abafatabuguzi babagana ntibagwe mu mitego y’abashaka kubacuza utwabo.
Umufatabuguzi uhuye n’ikibazo cy’ubujura arasabwa kwihutira kubimenyesha ikigo gitanga serivisi z’itumanaho, ikibazo kitakemuka akakigeza kuri RURA mu nyandiko cyangwa agahamagara kuri 3988.